Woodwinds Orchestration
Terms
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- 3 Non-transposing Instruments
- Flute, Oboe, Bassoon
- Piccolo Range
- D5-C8
- Oboe Range
- Bb4-G7
- Written Flute Range
- C4-C7
- Clarinet Written Range
- E3-A7
- Bass Clarinet Range
- D2-D5
- Saxophone Written Range
- Bb3-G6
- What is an embouchure:
- The method of blowing into the instrument to set the air column in motion.
- What is overblowing?
- Blowing with more force, therby compelling the vibrating air column to split fractionally. All conical pipe instruments and flutes overblow the octave. All clarinets overblow the twelfth.
- What are multiphonics?
- The simultaneous sounding of more than one note.
- What is flutter tonguing (and what is the German word for it)?
- Rolling of the tongue or prolonged guttural “r†in the throat. German: Flatterzunge
- Name two special effects used on woodwind instruments.
- Key clicking, whistle tones.
- What are the three registers of the clarinet?
- Chalumeau, Throat tones, Clarino
- What is a ‘break’ on the clarinet?
- Change from one register to another.
- How do you notate when a solo appears for an instrument on a grouped stave, and then returns to the group?
-
Mark “solo†and put a rest for the other player(s) in the first bar.
Mark “a due†or “a trio†when all players come back together. - Soprano Sax Sounds...
- M2 below written (same as Bb clarinet)
- Alto flute sounds...
- P4 below written
- English Horn sounds...
- P5 below written
- Alto Sax sounds...
- M6 below written
- Tenor Sax & Bass Clarinet sounds...
- M9 below written
- Bari sax sounds
- 1 octave + M6 below written
- Piccolo sounds...
- Octave above written
- Contrabassoon sounds...
- Octave below written