James History Landscape
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- allee
- evenly spaced row of trees, often an alley of trees
- amenagement
- organization of space
- bois
- woods (hunting park)
- bosques/bosquets
- park planned for a purpose
- cabinets de verdure
- an enclosure, a cabinet of greenery
- chateau
- castle
- jardin
- garden in french
- parterre de broderie
- low hedge or flower gardens creating a pattern (meant to be seen from above)
- patte d'oie
- goosefoot intersection, long central axis splits into 3
- pottage
- kitchen garden
- quincunx
- geometric pattern consisting of five coplanar points, four of them forming a square or rectangle and a fifth at its center.
- rond point
- round point, in hunting parks areas that allow horseback riders to both reconvene, turnaround, or kill animals
- caryatid
- column in the shape of a female at the acropolis in athens
- azulejo
- tiles...
- qanat
- underground engineering of the transfer of water, comes from ancient mesopotamia
- chahar bagh
- coming from islamic tradition, quadparti garden
- chinampa
- floating islands
- espalier
- controlling the growth of plants
- firm ornee
- the ornamental working farm
- grotto
- a small enclosed space, like a cave that implies presence of water
- exedra
- semicircular form that reaches up into an arch
- promenade
- walkway
- portico
- porch
- mirador
- window opening to a beautiful view
- Kevin lynch's 5 points for understanding urban form
- district, path, landmark, edge, node
- acropolis
- city of eternity, city built on top of hill to be close to the Gods
- axis mundi
- point of connection between sky and earth where the four compass directions meet
- genius Loci
- spirit of place
- Delphi
- the sanctuary and temple complex prayed to the God Apollo
- Eden
- idea of garden as paradise and utopia
- procession
- to go forth, advance
- Colister garth
- an enclosed courtyard
- Colonnade
- long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building.
- enfilade
- a series of rooms
- villa rustica
- villa set in the open countryside
- villa urbana
- urban villa
- ramp Douce
- double ramps
- aquaduct
- a water supply or navigable channel constructed to convey water
- feng shui
- an ancient Chinesesystem of aesthetics believed to use the laws of both Heaven (astronomy) and Earth (geography) to help one improve life by receiving positive qi
- moon gate
- a circular opening in a garden wall that acts as a pedestrian passageway, and a traditional architectural element in Chinese gardens
- pagod
- a tiered tower with multiple eaves
- pavilion
- a free-standing structure sited a short distance from a main residence, whose architecture makes it an object of pleasure
- rockery
- rocks are size of person to bring the sense of mountain to garden
- yuan
- garden
- bosco
- garden
- casino/casini
- house
- fresco
- any of several related mural painting types, done on plaster on walls or ceilings
- tapis vert
- an unbroken expanse of lawn used as a major element of a landscape design
- reflecting pool or canal
- a small pool or canal used for meditation or viewing pleasures and nothing else
- forecourt
- an open area in front of a structure's entrance
- boulevard
- usually a wide, multi-lane arterial thoroughfare, divided with a median down the center, and roadways along each side designed as slow travel and parking lanes and for bicycle and pedestrian usage, often with an above-average quality of landscaping and scenery
- City Beautiful movement
- a reform movement in North American architecture and urban planning that flourished in the 1890s and 1900s with the intent of using beautification and monumental grandeur in cities
- Haussman, Baron Georges
- Prefect of the Seine under Napoléon III hired by Napoleon III on 22 June 1852 to "modernize" Paris. He hoped in hiring Haussmann that Paris could be molded into a city with safer streets, better housing, more sanitary, hospitable, shopper-friendly communities, better traffic flow, and, last but not least, streets too broad for rebels to build barricades across them and where coherent battalions and artillery could circulate easily if need be
- parkway(s)
- median
- urban form // urban fabric
- city, planning for large numbers of people, multiple jobs, mass numbers of cars, transportation, health, safety, housing, commercial, etc.
- Mughal
- imperial power that began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of India by the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and ended in the mid-19th century
- quadripartite
- dividing objects into four equal parts at 90 degrees such as a chahar bagh
- Temple Tomb of Hatshepsut
-
Egypt, 1470 BC, New Kingdom Architect, P=Female Pharaoh Hatshepsut.
Area goes underwater when Nile Floods
- Casa del Fauno
-
Pompeii, Italy. 1st Century A.D. P=Wealthy Citizen
It’s a villa Urbana
- Hanging Gardens of Babylon
-
Iraq, 600 BC. P=Nebudchadnezzar II
He built it for his homesick wife
- Alhambra
-
Granada, Spain. 13 Century AD. P=Islamic Ruler Mohamed
Water cools the interior space
- Villa d'Este
-
Tivoli, 16th century. D= Pirro Ligorio. P= Cardinal Ippolito
Has playful water fountains
- Belvedere Cortile
-
Vatican City, 16th Century. D= Bramante. P= Pope Julius II.
Popes bedroom is above the courtyard.
- Villa Lante
-
Italy. 16th Century. D= Barozzi da Vignola. P= Cardinal Gambara.
The garden is filled with allusive allegory
- Taj Mahal
-
India. 17th Century. D= Lahauri. P= Shah Jahan
Structure was built as a tomb for his 3rd Wife.
- Versailles
-
Paris, France. 17th Century. D= Andrew Le Notre. P=King Louis XIV
Lots of Apollo Imagery
- University of Virginia - "The Lawn"
-
Charlottesville, VA. 19th Century. D= Thomas Jefferson. P= Jefferson
Rotunda is ½ scale of the Pantheon