Quality Core Biology

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What are the 8 steps of the scientific method?: Define the Problem Research the problem Make a hypothesis design an experiment make observations record observations draw conclusions publish
How do you find the number of protons and electrons?: The atomic #
HOw do you find the number of neutrons?: The atomic mass #
How many amu\'s is an electron?: 1/2,000
What are the 7 properties of water?: Cohesion adhesion high specific heat high heat of vaparization density of water water as a solvent dissociation of H20
What is cohesion?: molecules sticking to themselves
What is adhesion?: molecules sticking to other objects
What is high specific heat?: The amount of energy or heat it takes to change water
What is the high heat of vaporization?: Amount of energy for water to evaporate
What is water\'s density?: 4 degrees celsius
What kind of solvent is water?: polar solvent
What is the % breakdown of a cell?: 72% h20 25% carbon compounds 3 % salts
What are the 4 carbon compounds?: carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids
What is the study of carbon compounds?: organic chemistry
What kind of bonds do carbon form?: stable, covalent (4)
Are hydrocarbons polar or nonpolar?: non polar
What is a molecule that doesn\'t like water?: hydrophobic
If something is hydrophobic it is ______: non polar
What is an isomer?: molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures
Do isomers have different chemical properties biological functions or both?: both
what are the 6 functional groups?: hydroxyl carbonyl carboxyl amino sulfhydryl phosphate
What makes hydrocarbones hydrophyllic and increase solubility in water?: functional groups
OH?: hydroxyl
C=O?: carbonyl
C=O \\OH?: Carboxyl
What are compounds with COOH?: acids
NH2?: amino
SH?: Sulfhydryl
PO4?: phosphate
What stabilizes the structure of proteins?: sulfhydryls
What is a macromolecule?: smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules
What are the macromolecules?: carbs lipids proteins and amino acids
What is a polymer?: many monomers built by linking repeating units
What are polymers built by: dehydration synthesis
How does dehydration synthesis happen?: you take one OH- and one H+ which is H2O which is \"squirted\" out
What process are polymers broken down by?: hydrolysis
What are carbs composed of?: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What is the monomer of a carb?: sugar
carbs form ________ in solutions?: carbon rings
Where is the energy stored in carbohydrates?: In the C-C bonds in the carbon ring
Monsaccharide= disaccharide= polysaccharide=: single double many
You build sugars by?: dehydration synthesis
Sugars are held together by?: glycosidic linkages
Lipds are A non polar and hydrophobic or B polar and hydrophyllic: a
Lipids are made up of?: glycerol and a fatty acid
Glycerol has ___carbons?: 3
How many fatty acids are in a lipid?: 3
What bond holds a lipid together?: ester linkage
what has no C=C bonds, with long straight chains solid at room temp?: saturated fat
what has C=C bonds which make it kinky and is a liquid at room temp?: unsaturated fats
What is a phospholipid made up of?: glycerol and 2 fatty acids and a phosphate
the phosphate group is?: hydrophyllic
_________heads are attracted to H20 and hdrophobic tails hide from H20 which forms_______-: phospholipid bilayer
Which nucleotides are double carbon rings?: A and G
which nucleotides are single carbon rings?: c t u
what is the polymer of a protein?: polypeptide
what is the monomer of a protein?: amino acid
what do amino acids look like?: H H O \\ | ll N - C - C- OH / | H R
Protiens are held together by?: peptide bonds
What is the order of the amino acids in a chain which is determined by the gene?: primary structure
when does the protein start to coil and fold: secondary structure
when does the protein start to fold back on itself more?: tertiary structure
when do 2 or more polypeptides fold together to form a full protein: quaternary structure
What is the cell theory: All living things are composed of cells cells are the basic functional unit of life cells come from cells
What are the 11 cell processes: Nutrition digestion aborption synthesis respiration excretion egestion secretion movement response reproduction
Where does absorption occur?: the small intestine
what is the cellular breakdown of sugar for energy?: respiration
what is the removal of soluble waste from the kidneys: excretion
what is the removal of soluble waste: egestion
what is the release of good things from a cell: secretion
what 2 types of movement do cells have: flagella (like sperm) or cilia (like hairy ball thing)
what is a stimulus or change in the environment?: response
what are membrane bound structures in the cytoplasm that have a specific function: organelles
what is a eukaryote? prokaryote?: e- with nucleus p- without nucleus
What are the parts of the nucleus?: nucleur membrane nucleoplasm
what is in the nucleoplasm: chromosomes(DNA) and nucleolus
What is the mitochandria and what cell process is it involved in?: cellular respiration, powerhouse
What do golgi bodies do?: secrete things
what are in plastids?: chloroplasts leucoplasts
what are lysosomes?: contain suicide sacs or enzymes
what is a part of a chloroplast?: chlorophyll
What is a leucoplast?: starch storage area
vacuole?: fluid filled area
2 types of vacuole?: contractile and food
What are the 5 levels of organization: cells tissues organs organ systems organism
what is the steady state of an organism: homeostasis
what is the measure of disorder in a particular system: entropy
Taking something into a cell?: endocytosis
Cellular respiration occurs in the?: mitochandria
Atp =: adp + inorganic phosphate
what is the act of adding a phosphate group to ADP into ATP: phosphorylation
what is the flow of electrons from - to + charge?: electricity
coenzymes?: NAD FAD Coenzyme A
what do nads and fads carry?: hydrogens
What are chlorophyll B carotene and xanthrophyll?: accesory pigments
In photosystem 2 what photon strikes the protien?: p680
In which part of photosyn do you need water?: photosystem 2
In photosystem 1 what light strikes the protein?: p700
In the light dependant stage you also give off: NADPH and ATP
in the c3 cycle you start with?: Ribulose bisphosphate (5 c)
PGA has _ carbons: 3
PGAL has _ carbons: 3
how many times must the c3 cylce turn?: 6
the gene was discovered by...: hershey and chase
what does dna helicase do?: break apart the DNA for replication
what does dna polymerase do?: reads and matches DNA in nucleus to ER

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Number of cards 106

Created By gleefan13