urinary
Terms
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- functions of the urinary system
- -excretion -elimination -homeostatic regulation of the volume and solute concentration of blood plasma
- position of the kidney compared to the vertebre
- T12 and L3
- cortex
- THE outer layer or portion of an organ
- medulla
- the inner layer or core of an organ
- renal pelvis
- formed by 2 or 3 major calyces; a large funnel shaped chamber
- renal capsule
- a layer of collagen fibers that converts the outer surface of an organ
- pyramids
- make up renal medulla; consists of 6-18 distinct conical or triangular structures; base of pyramid is called the cortex; tip of pyramid is called renal papilla
- major calyx
- made up of 4-5 minor calyces
- minor calyx
- duct within renal papilla; discharge urine into a cup shaped drain
- hilus
- localized region where blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves and/or other autonomical structures are attached to an organ
- diameter of glomerulus
- .2mm
- 2 types of nephron and %
- -cortical 85% -juxtamedullary 15%
- filtration mechanisms (3 layers)
- fenestrated, visceral, intervening basement membrane
- fenestrated characteristics of layers; forms of filtration slits; type of epithelium
- glomerular capillaries; prevent passage of blood cells; allow plasma components to pass
- intervening basement membrane
- restricts passeage to all but the smallest proteins while permitting most other solutes to pass; gell like basement membrane; electrical, selectivity on the filtration process
- net filtration pressure (NFP) (3 pressures)
- -glomerular hydrostatic pressure -glomorular osmotic pressure -capsular hydostatic pressure
- GFR-define, rate per minute
- -glomerular filtration rate -amount of filtrate the kidneys produce each minute -125ml/min
- total blood volume filtered
- 2000Liters
- renal autoregulation and its biproducts
- maintaining intra renal blood flow over a wide range of systemic pressures; tendency of the body to keep blood flow constant when b.p. varies
- most of the water that is filtered is reabsorbed
- reabsorbed by renal tubule cells and returned to the blood in the pertubular capillary beds
- HOW HIGH CAN THE FILTRATED URINE BY CONCENTRATED
- 100 mOsml/L
- role of adh
- antidiuretic hormone; causes water retension