ACA DECA: SuperQuiz S2: Humanism and the Italian Renaissance
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Was there a humanist movement?
- no
- Who coined the term humanism?
- F. J. Niethammer
- When did the studia humanitatis begin?
- middle ages
- What brand of logic were humanists opposed to?
- scholasticism
- What classic literature did humanists wish to regurgitate?
- Latin and Greek
- How many disciplines were there in studia humantitatis?
- five
- What did the trivium consist of?
-
grammar
logic
rhetoric - What were the disciplines of the studia humanitatis?
-
grammar
rhetoric
history
literary studies
moral philosophy - What did the quadrivium consist of?
-
geometry
arithmetic
astronomy
music - What writers brought the triuvium and quadrivium to christian Europe in the 5th and 6th centuries?
-
Cassiodorus
Martianuc Capella - What were the disciplines called?
- artes liberales
- where was higher education entirely of the trivium and quadrivium?
- classical Rome
- What two major patriarchs of the Christian religion were reaised in the tradition of trivium and quadrivium?
- Augustine & Boethius
- What is the difference between Roman's learning of the triv and quadriv and medieval learning of them?
-
Roman: Greek authors
Medieval: Latin authors - In the trivium, what was the study of grammar?
- proper use of language and how authors use language to make meaning
- In the trivium, what was study of dialect?
- science of disputation, proofs and propositions
- The scholastic tradition in logic was also known by what names?
-
Aristotelean
Averroistic - Scholastic dialect used language to produce certainty by focusing on what?
- syllogism
- What is syllogism?
- construction of a truthful conclusion from truthful premises
- What is rhetoric?
- the art of persuasion
- Who is considered the fouding daddy of humanism?
- Petrarch
- Who was the most famous representative of the humanists?
- Coluccio Salutati
- What is Petrarch most famous for today?
- poetry
- Whose texts did petrarch discover?
- Cicero
- Did Petrarch read Greek?
- no
- What texts did humanists begin by dsicovering?
- Latin
- Who were the two most important classical authors during the Renaissance and what language did they write in?
-
Cicero and Quintillian
Latin - what did Cicero write about?
-
Treatises on moral and religious philosophy
handbooks on oratory - What did Quintillian write about?
-
Curriculum in classic education
Principles of theories od the rhetorical education - What famous book/text of Cicero's did Petrarch discover?
- the Brutus
- Who most greatly influenced Petrarch?
- Cicero and Augustine
- Who was the most important author of the humanist movement?
- Cicero
- What did Augustine write about?
- relationship of humans to the divine
- What two characteristics became ideal throughout the Renaissance?
-
wisdom
eloquence - What is eloquence?
- use of language
- What became foundations of the humanist curriculum?
- eloquence, the combination of eloquence with wisdom, and service to the public good and the state
- What was the only proper study for a human being to engage in according to Petrarch?
- study of oneself
- What was the hallmark of humanist belief?
- the dignity of humanity
- What did humanists believe the principle concern of every human should be?
- salvation
- Of all the studies, the highest studies involved _____ __________ and it's application to the real world.
- moral philosophy
- Coluccio Salutati was a ______ and used this position to test the humanist ideals.
- lawyer
- The Ciceronean ideals for a public official were...?
- wisdom, eloquence and duty
- If a humanist wasn't a philosophy or movement, what was it?
- educational curriculum
- When and where did humanism education begin?
- early 14th century, Italy
- Name the two foundational figures in humanist education.
-
Guarino Veronese in Ferrara
Vittorino da Feltre at Mantua - Whose texts did Guarino and Vittorino use as their model for education?
- Quintilian
- What profession did Cicero believe was the greatest?
- orator
- What was the centerpiece of human philosoophy?
- use language to persuade others to pursue the right course
- What 3 authors of the classics did Guarino and Vittorino make their students learn?
-
Cicero
Plato
Aristotle - What did humanists feel the best way to use Latin was?
- to imitate the style of classic authors
- What were the central processes of rhetoric?
-
invention
elocution - What is invention?
- process where speaker finds material to make argument
- What is elocution?
- way one delivers a speach
- What was the purpose of the invention process?
- persuade audience what your were arguing was true
- What did the material of argument include?
-
arguments
proofs
fashioning of language - What was skepticism?
- argument that no one could know anything for certain
- Skeptics argued that the only knowledge available to humans was _______ knowledge.
- probable
- Augustine argued that probable knowledge was impossible as ______ ______ meant there was some certainty in the world.
- Christian Faith
- What was the probable knowledge viewpoint considered?
- anti-dogmatic
- What did the scholastic tradition of logic use to produce statements that were absolutly true?
- language
- What did one use to produce conclusions from truthful premises in scholasticism?
- syllogisms
- By the beginning of waht century had scholasticism almost disappeared from education?
- 16th
- Ture or false: In scholasticism, if you could persuade you audience
- true
- What year was Constantinople conquered by the Turks?
- 1453
- In 1423, how many manuscripts did Giovanni Aurispa bring back from Byzantium?
- about 240
- What did humanists read to recover the original spirit of Christianity?
- Greek texts
- What was Lorenzo Valla's most famous project?
- proving the Donation of Constantine was forged
- What book did Lorenzo Valla write that was a program of study?
- The Eloquence of the Latin Language
- In what book did lorenzo Valla try to answer the question of what made humans happy?
- On the True Good
- Valla's argument of self interest formed the Enlightenment's view of humanity, which brought on what ideas?
-
capitalism
individual rights
democracy - Which type of career did the humanist education program stress?
- practical
- What type of humanists agreed on eloquence, but stressed political science and action over everything else?
- civic humanists
- What did educational humanists center their attention on?
-
grammar
logic
rheotic - Who were the most prominent civiv humanists?
-
Leonardo Bruni (1370-1444)
& Leon Battista Alberti(1404-1472) - Leonardo B. and Leon B.A. thought what city state's government model was best?
- Florence's
- The quest for _______ and ______ led to political greatness and stability while the quest for material gain led to human mastery of _______ and the ______.
-
nobility
greatness
nature
earth - When was the term humanism coined?
- 1808
- What did the term umanista represent in the 15th century?
- an educator
- The first humanists were not educators, but private men of independent means or _______.
- lawyers
- What year was Petrarch born?
- 1304
- What year did he die?
- 1374