Science Terms
Terms
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- Haploid
- describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
- Chromosome
- A threadlike DNA strand in the nucleus that aids in reproduction.
- Cell Cycle
- The process that is the cells life. A cell will be created, sexually reproduce and die.
- Daughter Chromosome
- The same as a sister Chromosome
- Centromere
- a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape
- Zygote
- the cell resulting from the union of an ovum and a spermatozoon (including the organism that develops from that cell)
- Cell Division
- The process in which a cell reproduces which forms another cell.
- Replicated Chromosome
- exact copies of the original chromosomes.
- Meiosis
- The constant increase of chromosomes. (Sex Cells)
- Spindle Fibers
- made of microtubules and as the centrosomes seperate they radiate in preperation for metaphase
- Homologs
- another word for homologous chromosomes
- Homologous Chromosomes
- chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structured, and that pair during meisosis
- Diploid
- of a cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
- Kinetochores
- At the centromere region of the replicated chromosome there are structures made of protein.
- Interphase
- the period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not undergoing division, typically occurring between mitotic or meiotic divisions
- Mitosis
- When the nucleus divides into Nucleii, and keeps the same amount chromosomes.
- Gamete
- an advanced sexual reproductive cell containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes
- Chromatin
- the material that makes up both mitotic and interphase chromosomes; a complex of proteins and DNA strands that are loosely coiled such that translation and transcription can occur
- Sister Chromatids
- identical copies of a chromosome; full sets of these are created during the S(DNA replication) subphase of interphase
- Cytokinesis
- the division of the cytoplasm in a cell that usually follows mitotic or meiotic division of the nucleus