Chem Final
Terms
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- amount needed to fight pneumonia globally
- $39 Billion
- 6-year global plan to fight pneumonia aimed to save _______ children by _____
- 5 million, 2015
- _______ kills more children than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined
- pneumonia
- \"the biggest killer people never hear about\"
- pneumonia
- pneunomia causes ____% of children\'s death every year
- 20
- ____ deaths related to malnutrition and poverty
- pneumonia
- drug-resistant strain of the disease developing
- TB
- evolved an extra thick cell wall with extra layers of sugars and lipids; impenetrable to the human immune system
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- TRUE OR FALSE: TB is not very contagious
- false
- signs of active TB infection
- fever, weight loss, and fatigue
- TRUE OR FALSE TB Bacteria can reside in humans for several years before showing symptoms
- TRUE
- year TB was treated by confinement in a sanitarium
- 1850
- year drugs were found to provide effective treatment for TB
- 1950
- year TB could be treated at home
- 1960
- TB infect ___ of the world\'s population
- 1/3
- greatest bacterial killer of humans
- TB
- major funding for TB research comes from
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- chemist who developed the first synthetic dye at 18
- William Perkin
- first synthetic dye
- mauve
- Americans spend ___% of available income on food
- 9.9
- haber process combined N2 from air with H2 from fossil fuels
- ammonia
- a locality from which healthy food is more than twice as far away as unhealthy food
- food desert
- 80% of ______ residents buy food at convenience stores
- Detroit
- average food in US travels more than ______ miles and usually spoils en route
- 13000
- more than 100 deaths have occurred in the US due to aged ____ which have dried out and ruptured or lost their treads
- tires
- tires older than ____ are a danger
- 6 years
- company that makes the most efficient and cheapest solar cell
- First Solar
- banned from most consumer products in Europe because it is a toxic metal
- cadmium telluride
- drought and war have left over ______ people in need of food
- 20 million
- about 50% of the population of _____ has insufficient food
- Somalia
- plant in Africa that has a mild narcotic effect
- qat
- sources of alkanes
- petroleum-oils and gas
- uses of alkanes
- burn for energy, make other chemicals
- steps in naming isomers
- 1. name longest continuous chain 2. name substituents 3. use numbers to locate substituents
- _______ kills 250 in the US each year
- CO poisoning
- 50% of ____ had mercury levels above human health guidelines
- fish
- this pollution comes from the burning of coal
- mercury
- responsible for for 100,000 accidents annually, ending in 1550 deaths
- drowsy driving
- ________ drivers fall asleep at the wheel daily, with incidence higher in younger drivers
- 250000
- this improves problem solving by 40%
- REM sleep
- one effect of isomers
- combustion
- carbon footprint can be reduced by eating this
- whole grains and veggies
- issues of ethanol in gasonline
- has impact on price and availability of food supply, does not reduce greenhouse effects, can lower US imported oil dependency
- positive points for ethanol as fuel
- clean burning, domestically purchased, spreads slower than gas when spilled
- negative points for ethanol as fuel
- more expensive than oil, causes rust, impacts availability and price of corn,
- currently 99% of fuel alcohol is for ___, 1% for ____
- E10, E85
- found in paints, cosmetics, sunscreens, vitamins, toothpaste, and food coloring; cause genetic damage in mice
- TiO2
- hungry defined as less than _____ calories a day
- 1800
- _____ of the planet is considered hungry
- 1/6
- ________ starvation deaths in children under 5 each year
- 5 million
- inventor of paste that can nourish the malnourished; ______ children can recover on it
- andre briend; 9/10
- Doomsday Clock located at ______ and began in ____
- U of Chicago; 1947
- developed to measure how close to the brink of destruction we are
- Doomsday Clock
- Doomsday Clock moved ahead to 5 minutes in 2007 to represent ______
- global warming
- country that produces the most global warming gases in the world
- US
- concept of global warming published first by this man
- svante arrhenius
- average global temps have risen ____ over the past century
- 1 degree farenheit
- ingredient found in polycarbonates of nalgene water bottles that may be linked to UTIs and precancerous tumors
- bisphenol-a
- country that banned polycarbonate baby bottles
- Canada
- BPA levels ______ than the first trimester of pregnancy has no effect on a child\'s behavior
- later
- high bpa levels result in ______ in girls, and ________ in boys
- agression, anxiety
- everday items that contain 10 milligrams of free BPA; largest BPA exposure identified for the general public
- cash receipts
- location on the east coast where there is a strict recycling policy
- nantucket
- 75% of global energy use is from
- fossil fuels
- The energy from chemical combustion is approximately proportional to the amount of _______ consumed
- oxygen
- President Obama pledged that U.S. will reduce greenhouse emissions by ___ over next decade.
- 17%
- US makes up ___% of the world population and ___% of the world\'s energy
- 4%, 25%
- species that consumes 1/4 of the Earth\'s natural productivity
- humans
- population will increase __ by 2030
- 25%