Exam extras
Terms
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- 1/52Water quality
- Is the measurement of the substances is water besides water molecules
- 2/52pH
- Is the measure if how acidic or basic water is on a scale of 0-14
- 3/hardness
- The level of calcium and magnesium
- 4/concentration
- Is the amount of one substance in another substance
- 5/Filtration
- is the process of passing water through a series of screens
- 6/Flocs
- Sticky globs
- 8/52 coagulation
- When alum is added to form sticky globs so mud and bacteria and other particles stick to it
- 7/first filtration
- Water is filtered through a series of screens to remove fish twigs and leaves and trash
- 9/second filtration
- The water trickles down through sand or gravel, which filters out algae, bacteria and some chemicals
- 10/chorination
- Chlorine is added to kill the remaining organisms
- 11/aeration
- Forcing air through the water releasing gases reducing unpleasant odors or smells
- 12/Additional treatment
- Sodium or chlorine may be added to soften hard water
- Water distribution
- Once the water has been treated it goes to the central pumping station and from there it is pumped through out the city
- Primary treatment (waste water)
- Water is held in settling tanks and small particles form on the ground called sludge
- Septic Tank
- , an underground tank containing bacteria as it passes through. Sludge settles at the bottom so it has to be cleaned regularly
- Secondary treatment
- Waste water is filtered through a bed of gravel. The gravel is covered with lots of bacteria which breaks down the left over wastes in the sewage.
- Additional treatment
- water may be pumped into open pools where sunlight purifies is naturally
- leach field
- the area surrounding the septic tank
- drought
- places that normally get rainfall suddenly don’t get a lot.
- conservation
- using a resource wisely
- where do people use water
- at home, agriculture industries, transportation, recreation
- desalination
- process of obtaining fresh water from salt water
- water pollution
- something that has negative effect on water or living things that depend on it
- major sources of water pollution
- human wastes, industrial wastes, agricultural wastes and runoff from roads
- point source
- a specific pollutant that can be defined
- nonpiont source
- a widely spread of pollution that cant be tied to a specific point of origin
- acid rain
- rain that is made by evaporation of watse gases that connect with water molicues a percipitate
- eutrophication
- when ponds and lakes natually chage oveer time
- pesticides
- chemicals inteded to kill animals
- fetilizers
- are supposed to make plants grow larger
- kinetic energy
- moving energy or energy that is being used
- potencial energy
- energy that is stored and waiting to be used
- hydroelectric power
- electricy that is formed by keentic enrgy through the movement over a waterfall or a dam
- the stages of a dam
- 1 stage water is stored behind the dam is under pressure from gravity(potencial energy 2 the flood gate opens ad the water spills through; kenetic energy turns the tubin. 3 the turbin is connected to a genolrator wich makes electricity
- what is SCUBA
- self-contained under water breathing apparatus
- why is is hard to study the ocean floor
- darkness, cold pressure
- sonar
- sound navigation ranging system
- remote under water manipulater
- size of a small car, which is controlled by a computer on the surface
- submersibles
- viechels whith thick metals that can hold extreme presure
- satilites
- get data such as temp, algea growth and movemnt of lage schools of fish
- gravity mapping
- satilits map the ocean floor by the slight changes in gravity wich has accurate measures with in a dew aentimeters
- phisical factors that determine where organisms from ocean live
- salinity, tempurature,light, dissolved gasses, nutrients and wave action
- plankton
- are tiny algea and animals that float in the water nad are carriend by waves and currents
- nekton
- are free swimming animals that can move throughout the water colum
- bethos
- organisms that inhabit the ocean floor
- interlidal zone
- streches from the hgihest tide line on land out to the continetal shelf exposed by the lowest tide
- estuaries
- are coastal inlets or bays where fresh water mixes with salt ware
- brackish
- partly fresh and partly salty
- aquaculture
- farming of water organisms
- nodules
- the metals cocentrated on a piece of shell