Japan - Test One
Terms
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- Sushi
- cakes of cold boiled rice, shaped by hand or wrapped in seaweed and topped with pieces of raw or cooked fish, vegetables, or egg
- Yamato Clan
-
400 BC, the clan is traced to current emperor
Oldest royal family in the world
Wrote the first constitution - Kabuku
-
+Started by merchant class, in reaction to the creation of Noh
+Intended for the working class
+Revolving stage, with little scenes
+Themes included military battles and love stories - Noh
-
o Little is left of this art form
o Minimum of eight hours, average of two days
o Didn’t flourish, because merchants didn’t back it
o For the refined, upper class - Bunraku
- o A person portrays a puppet, with masks
- Kimono
- robelike dress, is the traditional garment of Japan. Although most Japanese people now wear Western-style clothing, they wear kimonos on holidays and other special occasions.
- Prince Shotoku
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converted to Buddhism
 He caused many to convert
+Sent 17 missions to China to bring back ideas
+Wrote the first constitution
+Leader of Yamato clan
+ Emperors are all his decendents - o Chikamatsu:
-
Shakespeare of Japan; Famous for writing many Kabuki
 Wrote about Runin, Samaries without a master. “47 Ronin†- Manga:
- Westerners call these books, however they are not. They are also considered pornographic by westerners. Despite this, sexual aggression crimes are low in Japan.
- 17 Article Constitution
-
Written by Prince Shotoku
o One of these articles stated to divinity of emperor
o Stated the duties of emperor and people - 47 Ronin
-
Famous Kabuki play
Lord Asano, acting upon bad advice from Lord Kira, presented himself improperly at court, was disgraced, and committed suicide. Forty-seven of Lord Asano’s followers, the ronin, vowed vengeance. They killed Lord Kira, delivered his head to their lord’s grave, and committed suicide - Sake
- Heated rice wine
- **Correct?*** Narra Dates
- 710 AD
- **Correct?** Za
- Family that had a company
- Mitsubishi
- Made Sake
- Mitsui
- Made rice
- Anime
- Japanese style of animated cartoon
- Heian Dates
- 800 - 1100s CE
- Tokugawa Period Dates
- Mid 1500s-1868 CE
- Ocha
- Green tea. Finishes almost every meal.
- Tale of Genji
- concerns the amorous adventures of the fictional Prince Genji and the more staid lives of his descendants. The novel paints a charming and apparently accurate picture of Japanese court life in the Heian period
- Haiku
- 17 Syllable poem
- Basho
- Most famous writter of haiku
- Lady Murasaki
- Wrote the Tale of Genji
- Utamaro
-
o Gained recognition in the west
⬢ Famous for paintings of women
⬢ Impressionist - Kanji
- borrowed pictographs from China.
- Geisha
- Females taken from communities and educated to become entertainers.
- Zen Buddhism
-
concentrates on “centeringâ€, concentration, and meditation
+Became popular in Japan - Kana
- 48 symbols, is a form of alphabet. This is becoming more widely used, instead of their more complex pictograph language.
- Kamakura Period Dates
- End of 1200s - 1300s CE
- Bonsai Trees
- Mini trees, dwarfed
- Nihon Shoki
-
One of two books:
First historical record of Japan. Talked about Shinto(ism?)
Written in the early 700s CE, in Chinese characters. They are considered to be the first written history. Tends to be inaccurate, formerly oral traditions. - Shogun
- Japanese military commander
- calligraphy
- Artistic handwritting
- Kojiki
-
One of two books:
First historical record of Japan. Talked about Shinto(ism?)
Written in the early 700s CE, in Chinese characters. They are considered to be the first written history. Tends to be inaccurate, formerly oral traditions. - Daimyo
- Lord of manner
- Commodore Perry
- Commander of the fleet of US ships sailed to Japan to attempt to open trade with that nation
- Amaterasu
- In the Nihon Shoki and Kojki story, the sun goddess.
- Shoen
- Privet estates
- Treaty of Kanagawa, which established an embassy and placed a US ambassador in Japan, was signed in
- 1854 CE
- Ninigi
- In the Nihon Shoki and Kojki story, grandson of Amaterusi. Sent to Japan to be the first Japanese people
- Samurai
- Warrior class; All men, except those in covert, were expected to train as Samurai
- Meiji Restoration Date
- 1868
- Jimmu
- In the Nihon Shoki and Kojki story, Ninigi's grandson, and first emperor
- Chonin
- Merchants
- Genro
- Because the emperor is only 16, 13 people got together (They were very powerful) and decided that they would attempt to rule behind the scenes
- Ainu
- Native Japanese
- Eta/Burakumin
-
Called untouchables.  Eta, in early times, slaughtered animals and did the lowest jobs
 Live in certain sections of city
 Still considered discrimination - Charter Oath
-
1868, and says it is from the emperor
o Says that the emperor will give a constitution sometime in the future to begin a new nation - Shinto
-
- Shinto: Way of the Gods
- Indigenous religion to Japan
- Origins traced back to the mythological times - Seppaku
-
Ritual suicide performed as a ceremony
 Make a Z in intestines - Bushido
- Code of the warrior
- Mainichi Shimbun
- First newspaper of Japan
- Kami
-
(Sacred spirits) are said to make up nature
 Rivers, Mt. Fuji, Shrines, animals, etc, can all be considered Kami. Also included are spirits of heroes.
 Kami are considered Gaurdians
 Early Japan was divided into Uji, or clans. Each Uji has a Kami - Mongols
- Attempted invasion of Japan. Twice
- Kamikaze
- Divine wind
- Iwakura Mission
- Fact finding. Went to US, England, France, Germany (Prussia)
- Zaibatsu
- Zas who were asked to focus in one area and form a monopoly after the Iwakura Mission
- Torri
- Archway in front of a Shinto Shrine
- Constitution of 1889
- Said that constitution is a gift from the emperor
- Animism
- Worship of nature, sacred animals, etc. These are found in Asia, Africa, Central/South America.
- Diet
- Japanese Parliament
- Yasukuni shrine
- Commemorates dead in battles from 1905 - WWII
- Kaio
- Founded by Fukuzawa.
- Fukuzawa
-
Founded Keio
Loved West - Critic of Japan for being isolationist - Francis Xavier
- Jesuit missionary. Wanted to convert all of Japan
- Soseki
- Did not promote westernization. Couldn't stand the UK.
- Japan That Can Say No
- Said that the US does not reinvest into businesses enough, complained about Japan-US differences in businesses, and predicted downfall of US economy
- Ashikaga Period (D)
- 1300s to Mid 1500s
- Portugule's Colonies
- Goa (of India), Macao
- Spain's Colonies
- Philippians
- Dutch Colonies
- East Indies
- French Colonies
- Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos
- Great Britain Colonies
- India, Sailon, Burma, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Malayn
- 3 Unifiers
- Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu
- Tokugawa Period (D)/Info
- 1600 - 1868 -Most peacefull time
- Battle of Seikigahara
- 1600s CE - Began the Tokugawa Shoganate
- Seclusion Policy
- No one in or out - Tokugawa policy
- Sankin-Kotei
- Alternate residence. Daimyo went to capitol and left family. Made Daimyos poor, and kept people in control
- Four instituations borrowed from the west
- Education (US and France), Government (Great Britain), Military (Prussia), Infastructure (US??)
- Za
- Guilds/family owned busineses
- 8 Terms of Feudalism
- Shogun (General), Daimyo (Lords), Shoem (estate/fife), Samurai (Knights/warrior), Peasents (Surfs/peasants), Chonin (Merchants), Eta (Untouchables), Bushido (Code of the Warrior), Seppaku (Ritual Suicide)
- Elements of Tokugawa Period
- Seclusion policy, alt. Residence (Sakin-Kotei), Kabuku/Noh/Bunraku, Haiku, Utermaro (Famouse 'Heiku'er)