MPCS9thHistorych11
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- When the capital city moved from Rome, where did it move?
- Byzantine
- What were the two churches?
- Western Church - Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Church - Eastern Orthodox Church
- What was the Nouvellae portion of the Justinian Code?
- a presentation of legislation passed after 534
- Who was Saint John Chrysostom?
- the bishop of Constantinople
- Why was Saint John Chrysostom important?
- he was a patriarch and the leading bishop of Rome
- When did the city (Byzantine) finally fall?
- 1453
- What was the Nika Rebellion?
- after a horse racing victory, 2 gangs started the rebellion believing that city officials were too rough when putting down riots at the games
- What was another name for the New Laws?
- Nouvellae Laws
- What was the main street in Constantinople?
- the Mese or Middle Way
- What did most Byzantines speak?
- Greek
- What are the four works of the Justinian Code?
- the Code, the Digest, the Institutes, and the Novellae
- Cryillic alphabet
- alphabet for the writing of Slavic languages, devised in the 9th century A.D. by Saints Cyril and Methodius
- What was the result of this first crisis?
- 10,000 people died a day during its worst year
- What did Byzantine families value?
- education - specifically classical learning
- How many people died during the Nika Rebellion?
- 30,000 rebels were slaughtered
- What was the first crisis after Justinian's death?
- the bubonic plague arrives from India on ships infested with rats
- Justinian
- a high-ranking Byzantine nobleman who succeeded his uncle to the throne of the Eastern Empire - under his reign his armies won nearly all of Italy and parts of Spain
- What caused Christianity to break into two parts?
- political conflicts and differences in beliefs
- Who said icons were idols?
- Emperor Leo III
- What was the Code portion of the Justinian Code?
- nearly 5,000 Roman laws that were still considered useful for the Byzatine Empire
- Justinian Code
- a uniform code set up by a panel of legal experts to regulate the increasing compled Byzantine society - decides legal questions such as marriage, slavery, property
- What was the hippodrome?
- a racecourse for horse racing
- What was the Digest portion of the Justinian Code?
- quotations and summaries of the opinions of Rome's greatest legal thinkers about the laws - a total of 50 volumes
- What did the Byzantines do to try and stop foreign attacks?
- used bribes, political marriages, and military power
- During the Byzantine Empire, who controlled the state and church?
- the emperors
- What major dispute took place within the Eastern church?
- dispute over religious doctrine - the pope and the bishop excommunicated one another
- excommunication
- when one is declared as an outcast of the church; the taking away of a person's right of membership in a Christian church
- What was the second crisis?
- there were foreign attacks
- patriarch
- principal bishop in the eastern branch of Christianity
- What is classical learning?
- basic courses of Greek, Latin grammar, philosophy, classic of Greek and Roman from Euclid, history from Herodotus, and medicine from Galen
- Who did Byzantine fall to?
- the Ottoman Turks
- icon
- religious images used by the Eastern Christians to aid their devotions - viewed as idol worship by the emperor
- What was the Institutes portion of the Justinian Code?
- a textbook that told law students how to use the laws
- Why did Justinian stay during the rebellion?
- he wanted to run but his wife, Theodora, tells him to stay
- What was Byzantine later named and after who?
- Constantinople after Constantine
- What happens to Justinian during the rebellion?
- he dies leading to riots and a crisis - the empire falls
- Hagia Sophia
- the crowning glory of Justinian's reign was the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom in Constantinople and it means "Holy Wisdom" in Greek - when the church was rebuilt - was hailed by visitors as the most splendid church in the Christian worls
- How was Rome divided?
- into western and eastern territories
- What happened in the east?
- a heritage was built on the works of the church fathers - Example - Saint Basil
- What is one major result of the fall of the Byzantine Empire?
- Christianity dvelops differently in the Western and Eastern Roman empires