Rome and the Rise of Christianity
Terms
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- Virgil
- distinguished poet of the Augustain Age. wrote the aeneid in honor of rome and it portrays the ideal roman.
- Augustus
- "the revered one" highly popula. controlled the army. was imperator. stabilized the frontiers. couldnt conquere Germany.
- First Punic War.
- romans felt threatened by the cathaginians. romans fought cathaginians for control of the Mediterranean. Victory for romans. Carthage leaves Sicily
- First Triumvirate
- included Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar. Is a government by three people with equal power. Crassus was killed. Caesar became dictator
- First Punic War Date
- 264-241 BC
- Pax Romana
- Peace of Rome. lasted for almost 100 years. created by good emperors.
- Hannibal
- last name Barca and greatest carthaninian general
- zealots
- jewish people who called for the violent overthrown of Roman rule.
- praetors
- in charge of the cival law. added to judge cases
- Sadducees
- jewish priest who favorited cooperation with rome
- paterfamilias
- the dominant male of the household
- imperator
- commander and chief
- Visigoths
- moved south and west across the Danube River into Roman territory and settled down as roman allies. eventually sacked rome in 410 BC
- Vandals
- poured in from southern spain and africa. they crossed into italy from africa and also sacked rome.
- Paul
- a major apostle who was highly educated and jewish. paul took the message of jesus to the non jews and jewish
- Huns
- were invaders of rome, came from asia moved to eastern europe and put pressure on the Visigoths
- tweleve tables
- adopted in 450 BC and was a product of a simple farming society and proved inadiquate for later roman needs.
- Second Punic War Dates.
- 218- 201 BC
- Law Of Nations
- enabled people to establish standards of justice that applied to all people including non citizens.
- Theodosius
- was an emperor and under him the romans adopted christianity as their religion.
- Constantine
- became the first christian emperor. in 313 he issued the Edict of Milan which proclaimed official tolerance of christianity.
- centuriate assembly
- elected the chief officials like the consuls, praetors and passed laws.
- Gracchus Brothers
- believed that the basic problems of romes decline was because of the decline in farmers. asked the plebs to give land to farmers. were murdered instead
- council of plebs
- 471 BC and was for plebians only. they were aloud to pass laws for romans.
- five good emperors
- created a period of peace. they treated the ruling classes with respect and supported domestic policies that were helpful to the empire. They created good new programs to help people
- tribune
- given the power to protect the plebeians.
- senate
- advised government officials and had the force of law. a select group of about 300 patricians who serve for life.
- Livy
- wrote the most famous latin prose book of the golden age... The History of Rome. he traced the history of rome.
- consul
- two consuls chosen every year and they ran the government and led the roman army
- General Sulla
- Took over army but plebs wanted Marius. Civil War broke out and Sulla won. seized rome in 82 BC. restored power to the senate. Hoped to help restoration of rome.
- Diocletians
- Roman emperor. divided rome into four parts with four different rulers. high military power. (look at page 177)
- Second Punic War
- lead by hannibal. leads carthaginians down the alps into italy. Elephants. Hannibal is force to go back to carthage to fend their state.
- Etruscans
- overthrown by Romans. Established sewer system. arc's and bridges. etruscan alphabet. gladiator games.
- General Marius
- Roman General. Created his own army of volunteers that he promised land to after they finished their time in his army.
- Edict of Milan
- proclaimed offical tolerance of christianity
- insulae
- apartment block. could be up to 6 stories high. poorly built and often collapsed.
- tribal assembly
- ....
- patricians
- great landowners, became known as romes ruling class.
- republic
- a form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens have the right to vote
- Spartacus
- he led the most famous slave revolt. killed in 71 BC after he defeated many roman armies.
- plebeians
- less weathy, crafts people, merchants and small farmers.
- Simon Peter
- jewish fisherman who became a follower of jesus during jesus's life time.
- Battle of Zama
- in second punic war. hannibal was defeated and lost some territory to rome. forced to give romans money and all territory except for carthage.
- Second Triumvirate
- included Octavian, Antony, and Ledipus. Octavian and Antony split territory. Antony fell for Cleopatra and Octavian stood supreme over the Roman World.
- Cleopatra
- Antony allied himself with her and antony fell in love with her. they both commited suicide.