Architecture 210 Midterm Cards
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- Parthenon
-
-5th Century B.C.
-Doric and peripteral Temple of Ancient Greece
-octostyle - 8 columns on one side
-it was representational for the time
-located on the Acropolis of Greece
-it was purposely distorted to look perfectly symmetrical from a distance - cella
- main room of an ancient Greek temple
- opisthodomos
- treasury room
- styllobate
- base of a column
- shaft
- the main pole shape of the column
- capitol
- the structural point where the shaft meets the horizontal top of a building
- base
- the bottom of the column
- flute
- the internal curve or ridges on the shaft of a column
- entablature
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-what a column holds up
-architrabe, frieze, cornise - architrabe
- the lower, blank level of the entablature
- frieze
- the area with sculptural designs on top of the architrabe in the entablature
- cornise
- the hanging level above the frieze
- pediment
- the triangular, decorative top of a building
- engaged columns
- not freestanding columns, built either 1/2 or 1/4 of the way into the wall
- Agora, Athens
-
-Greek urban planning site
-had a public space for political, commercial, social, and religious activities - forum
- Roman market
- podium temples
- type of temples made by the Romans which was a Greek temple on top of a podium
- groin vault
- two intersecting barrel vaults as the ceiling
- arcade
- when you have more than two arches in a row
- barrel vault
- a deep vaulted ceiling, much like a half circle
- nave
- big open space in the middle of a Basillica where the pews are
- clerestory
- windows high up on the wall in churches used to let in light
- Stoa of Attalus, Athens
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-a Greek marketplace with shops, offices, and places for observing Panathenaic Games
-Built in 140 B.C.
-has a colonnade =row of columns - Miletus
-
-a great example of Greek urban planning
-made with rectangular grids - streets at right angles
-made around 479 b.c. - Temple of Portunus, Rome
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-built in the 2nd Century B.C.
-a Roman podium temple
-in the Ionic Order - Forum of Augustus, Rome
-
-Dedicated in 2 B.C.
-memorial to the Emperor Augustus
-corinthian columns - Forum and Markets of Trajan, Rome
-
-dedicated in 112 A.D.
-covered public space
-memorial to Emperor Trajan with a column of him in the middle - Baths of Caracalla, Rome
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-made around 217 A.D.
-public bathing facility and cultural center - Colosseum, Rome
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-Built in 80 A.D. by Emperor Flavian
-arena for a variety of games seating 50,000 spectators
-made entirely on the principle of the arch
-has engaged Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns on the outside
-elliptically shaped - Amphitheatre of Pompei, Rome
-
-much like the Colosseum only much smaller with poor circulation of spectators
-built in 59 A.D. - Pantheon, Rome
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-Built in 125 A.D.
-podium temple with a huge dome with a circular hole on the top of it - Haggia Sophia, Constantinople
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-Built in 537 A.D.
-has a dome on pendentives which
-Christian Church of Constantine
-became a model of the Ottomon mosques - St. Peter's Basilica, Rome
-
-Built in 360 A.D.
-Christian cemetery church made by Constantine
-martyrium of St. Peter
-became the floor plan for the Christian Church
-5 aisles long - Santa Sabina, Rome
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-Built in 432 A.D.
-Christian Church with a quarter dome and columns supporthing an arcade - Santiago de Compostella, Spain
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-built in 1124 A.D.
-Romanesque architecture - transept church - Reims Cathedral, France
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-built in 1211 A.D.
-Gothic cathedral with an elaborate three door entry
-had pointed ceiling vaults
-has a triforium - triforium
- passageway of a church cut into the wal so people can walk the whole level
- tracery
- name of the stone set in compression that decorates the windows in an arch
- Great Stupa at Sanchi, India
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-built in 250 B.C.
-a Buddhist commemorative structure built over a relic of Buddha
-had beautiful walkways around it for people to walk and pray - Kandariha, India
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-built in 1050
-royal city of the Chandella dynasty - Pagodo of the Songyue temple, China
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-built in 523 A.D.
-12 sided parabolic cylinder used as a Buddhist shrine - Ho-o-do, Japan
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-built in 1053
-Byodoin Temple
-had a statue of the Buddha inside each temple
-symmetricle - Egret's Castle, Japan
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-built in 1609
-very defended and highly elevated castle - Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem
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-built in 691
-a commemorative building where Muhammed was lifted to Heaven
-octagonal and very ornamented - Great Mosque, Damascus
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-built in 715
-Congregational mosque for Muslim worship - Mosque of Suleyman the Magnificent, Istanbul
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-built in 1557
-looks just like Haggia Sophia but made by Sinan
-congregational mosque combined with cemetery, schools, hospital, hotels, an shops - Macchu Picchu, Peru
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-15th Century
-Incan settlement in the Andes - Teotihuacan, Mexico
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-200-1000
-Pre Aztec Citadel
-pyramids of the sun and moon - Chaco Canyon, New Mexico
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-950-1100
-ceremonial center of Ancenstral Puebloans - Pueblo Bonito
-had kivas - kivas
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originally covered circles used as a ceremonial center or club
-used crib construction