Soc 231 Exam #1
Terms
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- What are the subdisciplines of Anthropology?
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Applied Anthropology
Social Anthropology
Ethnography
ethnology
cultural anthropology
Archaeology
Palaeontology
Biological anthropology - Holism:
- The principle that aspects of a culture are likely to be, to some extent, interrelated, leading to the research principle that it is useful to explore the possible interconnections within a culture.
- Ethnocentrism:
- The use of one's own cultural values, models, or categories to understand and judge antoher culture.
- cultural Relativism:
- The principle that each culture has its own moral integrity and shouldnot be judged by the standards of other cultures.
- Ethnographic present:
- A convenient fiction. Describing a culture as it presumably existed before some particular outside intrusion began to modernize it.
- Emic vs. Etic:
- Ideas, categories, and explanations of the people themselves Vs. The use of culture-neutral, "scientific" terms and categories to describe a culture.
- What is culture?
- A working definition learned, shared ideas about behavior.
- Latah:
- Hyper-starteling
- syncretism:
- The incorporation of traits from another culture into the pattern of a culture.
- Subculture:
- A convenient way to refer to various cultural patterns shared by smaller numbers of people within a broader culture.
- Ethnography:
- That branch of anthropology which studies particular cultures.
- Rashomon effect:
- The idea that one's fieldwork is affected by personal baggage like one's age, gender, ethnicity, theoretical orientations, and such , and that no ethnographer can be a totally neutral being without attributes.
- Participant observation:
- A research method in anthropology taking fieldwork a step further and actually goining in the life and work of the people.
- Ethnology:
- The anthropological coparisons of cultures.
- Historical Particularism:
- Am approach especially associated with Franz boas, accounting ofr cultural institutions by detailing hte unique hisotrical development without concern for the general principles involved.