Elements of Poetry: Meter
Terms
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- Iambic
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US-S
Bal-LOON
for-gIve
re-mOrse
com-pAre - Trochaic/Trochee
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S-US
SO-da - Anapestic
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US-US-S
con-tra-DIct - Dactyllic
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S-US-US
MA-ni-ac
CA-na-da
CE-le-brate - Spondaic
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S-S
MAn-MAde - Prefixes
- Mono, Di, Tri, Tetra, Penta, Hexa, Hepta, Octo
- Scansion
- the analysis of these mechanical elements within a poem to determine meter.
- Type of Stanzas (number of lines) 2-4
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2-Couplet
3-Tercet
4-Quatrain - Type of Stanzas (number of lines) 5-9
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5- cinquain
6-sestet
7-septet
8-octet - Amphibrach
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a foot with S-US-S
At-it-tUde - Lyric
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subjective, reflective poetry with regular rhyme scheme and meter which reveals the poet's thoughts and feelings to create a single, unique impression.
ex. Andrew Marvell "To His Coy Mistress" - Narrative
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Nondramatic, objective verse with regular rhyme scheme and meter which relates a story or narrative
Coleridge, "Kubla Khan" - Shakespearean Sonnet
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3 quatrains and concluding couplet in iambic pentameter
abab cdcd efef gg or abba cddc effe gg - Italian Sonnet
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Octave and a Sestet
abba,abba cde,cde - Ode
- Elaborate lyric verse which deals seriously with a difnified theme
- Blank Verse
- Unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter
- Free Verse
- unrhymed lines without regular rhythm
- Epic
- a long, dignified narrative poem which gives the account of a hero important to his nation or race
- Dramatic Monologue
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lyric poem in which the speaker tells the audience about a dramatic moment in his/her life and, in doing so, reveals his/her character
T.S. Eliot "Prufrock" - Elegy
- a poem of lament, meditating on the death of an individual
- Ballad
- simple, narrative verse which tells a story to be sung or recited; the folk balled is anonymously handed down, while the literary ballad has a single author
- Idyll
- lyric poetry describing the life of the shepherd in pastoral, bucolic, idealistic terms
- Metaphor
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a figure of speech which makes a direct comparisohn of two unlike objects by identification or substitution.
"All the world's a stage" - Simile
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a direct comparison of two unlike objects, using like or as.
"And like a thunderbolt he falls" - Conceit
- an extended metaphor comparing two unlike objects with powerful effect.
- Personification
- a figure of speech in which objects and animals have human qualities
- Apostrophe
- an address to a person or personified object not present.
- Metonymy
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the substitution of a word which relates to the object or person to be named, in place of the name itself.
"The serpent that did sting thy father's life.
Now wears his crown" - Synechdoche
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a figure of speech in which a part represents the whole object or idea.
"Not a hair perished (person)" - Hyperbole
- gross exaggeration for effect: overstatement
- Litotes
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a form of understatement in which the negative of an antonym is used to achieve emphasis and intensity.
"He accused himself, at bottom and not unveraciously, of a fantastic, a demoralized sympathy with her." - Verbal Irony
- meaning one thing and saying another
- Dramatic Irony
- what the speaker says and what he/she means, and what the speaker says and the author means
- Situational Irony
- when the reality of a situation differs from the anticipated or intended effect; when something unexpected occurs.
- Symbolism
- the use of one object to suggest another, hidden object or idea
- Imagery
- the use of words to respresent things, actions, or ideas by sensory description
- Paradox
- a statement which appears self-contradictory, but underlines a basis of truth
- Oxymoron
- contradictory term brought together to express a paradox for strong effect
- Allusion
- a ref. to an outside fact, event, or other source.