Abnormal Ch. 4
Terms
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- Anxiety
- Mood state characterized by marked negative affect and bodily symptoms of tension in which a person apprehensively anticipates future danger or misfortune. Anxiety may involve feelings, behaviors, and psychobiological responses.
- Fear
- Emotional response consisting of an immediate alarm reaction to present danger or life-threatening emergencies
- Panic
- Sudden overwhelming fright or terror.
- Panic attack
- Abrupt experience of intense fear or discomfort in the absence of danger accompanied by a number of physical symptoms, such as dizziness or heart palpitations.
- Behavioral inhibition system (BIS)
- Brain circuit in the limbic system that responds to threat signals by inhibiting activity and causing anxiety.
- Fight/flight system (FFS)
- Brain circuit in animals that when stimulated causes an immediate alarm and escape response resembling human panic.
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
- Anxiety disorder characterized by intense, uncontrollable, unfocused, chronic, and continuous worry that is distressing and unproductive accompanied by physical symptoms of tenseness, irritability, and restlessness.
- Panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA)
- Fear and avoidance of situations the person believes might induce a dreaded panic attack.
- Agoraphobia
- Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult.
- Panic disorder without agoraphobia (PD)
- Panic attacks experienced without development of agoraphobia.
- Panic control treatment (PCT)
- Cognitive- behavioral treatment for panic attacks, involving gradual exposure to feared somatic sensations and modification of perceptions and attitudes about them.
- Specific phobia
- Unreasonable fear of a specific object or situation that markedly interferes with daily life functioning.
- Blood-injury-injection phobia
- Unreasonable fear and avoidance of exposure to blood, injury, or the possibility of an injection. Victims often experience fainting and a drop in blood pressure.
- Situational phobia
- Fear of enclosed places (e.g., claustrophobia) or public transportation (e.g., fear of flying).
- Natural environment phobia
- Fear of situations or events in nature, especially heights, storms, and water.
- Animal phobia
- Unreasonable, enduring fear of animals or insects that usually develops early in life.
- Separation anxiety disorder
- Excessive, enduring fear in some children that harm will come to them or their parents while they are apart.
- Social phobia
- Extreme, enduring, irrational fear and avoidance of social or performance situations.
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Enduring, distressing emotional disorder that follows exposure to a severe helpless- or fear-inducing threat. The victim re-experiences the trauma, avoids stimuli associated with it, and develops a numbing of responsiveness and an increased vigilance and arousal.
- Acute stress disorder
- Severe reaction immediately following a terrifying event, often including amnesia about the event, emotional numbing, and derealization. Many victims later develop posttraumatic stress disorder.
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Anxiety disorder involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them.
- Obsessions
- Recurrent intrusive thoughts or impulses the client seeks to suppress or neutralize while recognizing they are not imposed by outside forces
- Compulsions
- Repetitive, ritualistic, time-consuming behaviors or mental acts a person feels driven to perform