Medical Terminology for Chapters 1-5 at UCA
Terms
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- aden/o
- gland
- carcin/o
- cancer
- cardi/o
- heart
- chem/o
- chemical
- cis/o
- to cut
- dermat/o
- skin
- enter/o
- small intestines
- gastr/o
- stomach
- gynec/o
- female
- hemat/o
- blood
- hydr/o
- water
- immun/o
- immune
- laryng/o
- voice box
- morph/o
- shape
- nephr/o
- kidney
- neur/o
- nerve
- opthalm/o
- eye
- ot/o
- ear
- path/o
- disease
- pulmon/o
- lung
- rhin/o
- nose
- ur/o
- urine,urinary tract
- a-
- without, away from
- an-
- without
- ante-
- before, in front of
- anti-
- against
- auto-
- self
- brady-
- slow
- dys-
- painful, difficult
- endo-
- within, inner
- epi-
- above
- eu-
- normal, good
- hetero-
- different
- homo-
- same
- hydro-
- water
- hyper-
- over, above
- hypo-
- under, below
- infra-
- under, beneath
- inter-
- between
- intra-
- within
- macro-
- large
- micro-
- small
- neo-
- new
- pan-
- all
- para-
- beside, beyond, near
- per-
- through
- peri-
- around or about
- post-
- behind or after
- pre-
- before, in front of
- pseudo-
- false
- retro-
- behind or backward
- sub-
- under or below
- super-
- above, excess
- supra-
- above
- tachy-
- rapid, fast
- trans-
- through or across
- ultra-
- beyond, excess
- bi-
- two
- di-
- two
- hemi-
- half
- mono-
- one
- multi-
- many
- nulli-
- none
- poly-
- many
- quad-
- four
- semi-
- partial, half
- tri-
- three
- uni-
- one
- -algia
- pain
- -cele
- hernia, protrusion
- -cise
- cut
- -dynia
- pain
- -ectasis
- dilatation
- -ectopia
- displacement
- -gen
- that which produces
- -genesis
- produces, generates
- -genic
- producing
- -ia
- state, condition
- -iasis
- abnormal condition
- -ism
- state of
- -itis
- inflammation
- -logist
- one who studies
- -logy
- study of
- -lysis
- destruction
- -malacia
- abnormal softening
- -megaly
- enlargement, large
- -oma
- tumor, mass
- -osis
- abnormal condition
- -pathy
- disease
- -plasia
- development, growth
- -plasm
- formation, development
- -ptosis
- drooping
- -rrhage
- excessive
- -rrhea
- discharge, flow
- -rrhexis
- rupture
- -sclerosis
- hardening
- -stenosis
- narrowing
- -therapy
- treatment
- -trophy
- nourishment, development
- -uria
- condition of the urine
- -centesis
- puncture to withdraw fluid
- -ectomy
- surgical removal
- -ostomy
- surgically create an opening
- -otomy
- cutting into
- -pexy
- surgical fixation
-
Surgical Suffix
-plasty - surgical repair
-
Surgical Suffix
-rrhaphy - suture
- -gram
- record or picture
- -graph
- instrument for recording
- -graphy
- process of recording
- -meter
- instrument for measuring
- -metry
- process of measuring
- -scope
- instrument for viewing
- -scopy
- process of visually examining
-
-a
Singular: vertebra - vertebrae
-
-ax
Singular: thorax - thoraces
-
-ex or -ix
Singular: appendix - appendices
-
-ma
Singular: sarcoma - sarcomata
-
-nx
Singular: phalanx - phalanges
-
-is
Singular: metastasis - metastases
-
-on
Singular: ganglion - ganglia
-
-us
Singular: nucleus - nuclei
-
-um
Singular: ovum - ova
-
-y
Singular: biopsy - biopsies
- Written or dictated by the admitting physician; details the patient's history, results of the physician's examination, initial diagnoses, and physician's plan of treatment.
- History and Physical
- A complete list of the care, medications, tests, and treatments the physican orders for the patient.
- Physician's Orders
- Record of the patient's care throughout the day; includes vital signs, treatment specifics, patient's response to treatment, and patient's condition.
- Nurses's Notes
- The physician's daily record of the patient's condition, results of the physician's examinations, summary of the test results, update assessment and diagnoses, and further plans for the patient's care.
- Physician's Progress Notes
- The report given by a specialist whom the physician has asked to evaluate the patient.
- Consultation Reports
- Reports from various treatments and therapies the patient has received, such as rehabilitation, social services, or respiratory therapy.
- Ancillary Reports
- Results of all diagnostic tests performed on the patient, principally from the lab and medical imaging (for example, X-rays and ultrasound)
- Diagnostic Reports
- A document voluntarily signed by the patient or a responsible party that clearly describes the purpose, methods, procedures, benefits, and risks of a diagnostic or treatment procedure.
- Informed Consent
- Report from the surgeon detailling an operation; includes a pre- and postoperative diagnosis, specific details of the surgical procedure itself, and how the patient tolerated the procedure.
- Operative Report
- Relates the details regarding the drugs given to a patient, the patient's response to anesthesia, and vital signs during surgery.
- Anesthesiologist's Report
- The report given by a pathologist who studies tissue removed from the patient (for example, bone marrow, blood, or tissue biopsy).
- Pathologist's Report
- A comprehensive outline of the patient's entire hospital stay; includes condition at time of admission, admitting diagnosis, test results, treatments and patient's response, final diagnosis, and follow up plans
- Discharge Summary
- These hospitals typically provide services to diagnose (laboratory, diagnostic imaging) and treat (surgery, medications, therapy) diseases for a short period of time. In addition, they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care.
- Acute Care or General Hospitals
- These hospitals provide care for very specific types of diseases. A good example is a psychiatric hospital.
- Specialty Care Hospitals
- These facilities provide long term care for patients who need extra time to recover from an illness or injury before they return home, or for persons who can no longer care for themselves.
- Nursing Homes or Long-Term Care Facilities
- These facilities provide services that do not require overnight hospitalization. The services range from simple surgeries to diagnostic testing or therapy.
- Ambulatory Care, Surgical Centers, or Outpatient Clinics
- Individual or groups of physicians providing diagnostic and treatment services in a private office setting
- Physicians' Offices
- A group of primary care physicians, specialists, and other health care professionals who provide a wide range of services in a prepaid system.
- Health Maintenance Organization
- Agencies that provide nursing, therapy, personal care, or housekeeping services in the patient's own home.
- Home Health Care
- Theses facilities provide intensive physical and occupational therapy. They include impatient and outpatient treatment.
- Rehabilitation Centers
- An organized group of health care workers who provide supportive treatment to dying patients and their families.
- Hospices
- abdomin/o
- abdomen
- adip/o
- fat
- anter/o
- front
- caud/o
- tail
- cephal/o
- head
- chondr/o
- cartilage
- crani/o
- skull
- cyt/o
- cell
- dist/o
- away from
- dors/o
- back of body
- epitheli/o
- epithelium
- hist/o
- tissue
- infer/o
- below
- later/o
- side
- medi/o
- middle
- muscul/o
- muscle
- organ/o
- organ
- oste/o
- bone
- pelv/o
- pelvis
- poster/o
- back
- proxim/o
- near to
- somat/o
- body
- spin/o
- spine
- super/o
- above
- system/o
- system
- thorac/o
- chest
- ventr/o
- belly
- viscer/o
- internal organ
- The study of cells and their functions
- cytology
- Basic unit of all living things; fundamental unit of life.
- Cell
- A whole, living individual. The sum of all the cells, tissues, organs, and systems working together to sustain life.
- organism
- Groups of different types of tissue comming together to perform special functions. For example, the heart contains muscular fibers, nerve tissue, and blood vessels.
- organs
- Composed of several organs working in a compatible manner to perform a complex function or functions.
- systems
- Formed when cells of the same type are grouped to perform one activity.
- tissues
- Study of tissue
- Histology
- A type of connective tissue. Also called fat. It stores energy and provides protective padding for underlying structures.
- Adipose Tissue
- A type of connective tissue and an organ of the musculoskeletal system. They provide support for the body and serve as sites of muscle attachments.
- Bone
- One of the largest organs in the body and coordinates most body activities. It is the center for all thought, memory, judgment, and emotion.
- Brain
- The involuntary muscle found in the heart.
- Cardiac Muscle
- The supporting and protecting tissue in body structures. Examples are fat or adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone.
- Connective Tissue
- Strong, flexible connective tissue found in several locations in the body, such as covering the ends of bones in a synovial joint, nasal septum, external ear, eustachian tube, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and the intervertebral discs.
- Cartilage
- Tissue found throughout the body as the skin, the outer covering of organs, and the inner lining for tubular or hollow structures.
- Epithelial Tissue
- These membranes line body passages that open directly to the exterior of the body, such as the mouth and reproductive tract, and secrete a thick substance, or mucus.
- Mucous Membrane
- Tissue that is able to contract and shorten its length, thereby producing movement. May be under voluntary control (attached to the bones) or involuntary control (heart and digestive organs).
- Muscle Tissue
- Structures in the nervous system that conduct electrical impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and other organs.
- Nerves
- Conducts electrical impulses to and from the brain and the rest of the body.
- Nervous Tissue
- The name for an individual nerve cell. They group together to form nerves and other nervous tissue.
- Neuron
- A voluntary muscle that is attached to bones by a tendon.
- Skeletal Muscle
- The major organ of the integumentary system. It forms a barrier between the external and internal environments.
- Skin
- An involuntary muscle found in internal organs such as the digestive organs or blood vessels.
- Smooth Muscle
- System that transports blood to all areas of the body. Organs include the heart and blood vessels.
- Cardiovascular System
- System that digests food and absorbs nutrients. Organs include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, and anus.
- Digestive System
- The body system that consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood stream. Include the adrenal glands, parathyroid glands, pancreas, pituitary gland, testes, ovaries, thymus gland, and thyroid gland.
- Endocrine System
- System responsible for producing eggs for reproduction and provides place for growing baby. Organs include ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands.
- Female Reproductive System
- The system that consists of plasma and blood cells- erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; responsible for transporting oxygen, protecting against pathogens, and controlling bleeding.
- Hematic System
- The skin and its appendages including sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails. Sense organs that allow us to respond to changes in temperature, pain, touch, and pressure are located in the skin. It is the largest organ in the body.
- Integumentary System
- System that helps the body fight infection. Organs include the spleen, lymph vessels, and lymph nodes.
- Lymphatic System
- System responsible for producing sperm for reproduction; organs include testes, vas deferens, urethra, prostate gland, and penis.
- Male Reproductive System
- System that provides support for the body and produces movement. Organs include muscles, tendons, bones, joints, and cartilage.
- Musculoskeletal System
- System that coordinates all the conscious and subconscious activities of the body. Organs include the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
- Nervous System
- System that brings oxygen into the lungs and expels carbon dioxide. Organs include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs.
- Respiratory System
- Perceive environmental conditions. The eyes, ears, nose, and tongue contain these organs.
- Special Sense Organs
- System that filters wastes from the blood and excretes the waste products in the form of urine. Organs include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
- Urinary System
- This vertical plane runs lengthwise from front to back and divides the body or any of its parts into left and right portions. The portions do not have to be equal.
- Sagittal Plane or Median Plane
- This plane divides the body into front and back portions. In other words, this is a vertical lengthwise plane running from side to side.
- Frontal Plane or Coronal Plane
- This is a crosswise plane that runs parallel to the ground. This imaginary cut would divide the body or its parts into upper and lower portions.
- Transverse Plane or Horizontal Plane
- More toward the head, or above another structure.
- Superior or Cephalic
- More toward the feet or tail, or below another structure.
- Inferior or Caudal
- More toward the front or belly side of the body.
- Anterior or Ventral
- More toward the back or spinal cord side of the body.
- Posterior or Dorsal
- Refers to the middle or near the middle of the body or the structure.
- Medial
- Refers to the side.
- Lateral
- Tip or summit of an organ.
- Apex
- Bottom or lower part of an organ.
- Base
- Located nearer to the point of attachment to the body.
- Proximal
- Located farther away from the point of attachment to the body.
- Distal
- More toward the surface of the body.
- Superficial
- Further away from the surface of the body.
- Deep
- The body lying horizontally and facing upward.
- Supine
- The body lying horizontally and facing downward.
- Prone
- The superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity.
- Abdominal Cavity
- A ventral cavity consisting of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. It contians digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs.
- Abdominopelvic Cavity
- A dorsal body cavity. It is within the skull and contains the brain.
- Cranial Cavity
- The major muscle of inspiration. It separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity.
- Diaphragm
- The central region of the chest cavity. It contains the organs between the lungs, including the heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea.
- Mediastinum
- The outer pleural layer around the lungs. It lines the inside of the chest cavity.
- Parietal Layer
- The outer layer of the serous membrane sac lining the abdominopelvic cavity.
- Parietal Peritoneum
- The outer layer of the serous membrane sac lining the thoracic cavity.
- Parietal Pleura
- The inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity.
- Pelvic Cavity
- Cavity formed by the serous membrane sac surrounding the heart.
- Pericardial Cavity
- Membranous sac that lines the abdominal cavity and encases the abdominopelvic organs.
- Peritoneum
- A protective double layer of serous membrane around the lungs. The parietal membrane is the outer layer and the visceral layer is the inner membrane. It secretes a thin, watery fluid to reduce friction associated with lung movement.
- Pleura
- Cavity formed by the serous membrane sac surrounding the lungs.
- Pleural Cavity
- Pertaining to behind the peritoneum. Used to describe the position of the kidneys, which is outside of the peritoneal sac alongside the spine.
- Retroperitoneal
- These membranes are found lining body cavities and secrete a thin, watery fluid that acts as a lubricant as organs rub against one another.
- Serous Membrane