Art History 1 S04: Early India, China, Japan
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Several(3)overarching traits tend to unite Indian art.
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1-Beauty-voluptous forms, ornament, sensuous poses
2-symbolism
3-religious meaningeverywhere - harrappan (Indian) civilization is thought to have "flourished" at the same time as...
- Egyptian and Mesopotamian culture
- True or False: Sanskrit is now thought to have originated in ancient Harrappan cultre.
- False
- Upanishads are metaphysical texts that focus on the relationship between the individual soul and the universal soul (Brahman) in three ways:
-
1-Only Brahman is real and eternal, the material world is illusory
2-existence is cyclical
3-liberation from cycles - The Vedic Period in India introduced a strict ____ system in which social classes were clearly delineated and stratified.
- caste
- The four noble truths of Buddhism:
-
1-the worlid is suffering
2-suffering is caused by desire
3-eliminate desre, eliminate suffering
4-eliminate desire-meditation - Briefly explain on emain difference between Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism. Which one do you think is more effective and why?
-
Theravada-focus on self nirvana, ignorant of others' wellfare
Mahayana-compassion;concern for the wellfare/nirvana of others;altruism:self-sacrifice for all - True or False: Stupas are hollow domes containing relics.
- True
- The term "Axis Mundi" means axis of the ____.
- world
- In early Buddhist art, the Buddha is never shown. Instead artists used symbols such as: (3)
-
1-footprints
2-empty throne
3-stupa - In later (and current) Buddhist art, the Buddha is identified by: (3)
-
1-acetic/monk robes
2-ushnishatop knot/2nd (nirvana) mind
3-elongated earlobes - In Indian art, a Yakshi is a ___ spirit, while a Yaksha is a ___ one.
-
1-female
2-male - Buddhism reached its greates influence in India during the Gupta period, ___.
- 300-500 AD
- True or False: Hinduism is one single religion.
- False
- The four main Indian Castes are:
- Priests, merchants, laborers, and warriors
- China's development has been traced back some ___ years.
- 8000
- China's Yellow river, the site of the oldest Neolithic towns is nicknamed ____ ____ because of its ____.
- China's, sorrow, floods
- True or False: Confucius (551-479BCE) was a Chinese Scholar/Philosopher who instituted wide-ranging ideals of manners, respect and duty for all toward all in an effort to further refine a successful and stable Chinese culture.
- True
- One main reason the Silk Road declined was because around 550AD Christian missionaries were able to ____ _____.
- smuggle, silkworms
- One distinguishing element of Japanese Material culture is a respect for a delight in ____ materials.
- natural
- _____ is the indigenous religion of Japan, and can best be described as ____.
- Shinto, animistic