ABeka Science 6-4
Terms
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- What is the "atmosphere"?
- Layers of air at the surface of the earth.
- What is astronomy?
- The study of the stars, planets and all other heavenly bodies.
- Where is the "core" of the sun?
- The center of the sun, its hottest region.
- What is the "Local Group"?
- A cluster of about 40 galaxies, which includes the Milky Way where we live.
- What is a "galaxy"?
- A star system containing millions or billions of stars.
- What is a "vacuum"?
- An area containing no air or any other matter.
- What is the "Andromeda Galaxy"?
- The Andromeda Galaxy is a galaxy large enough to be seen with the naked eye on a dark night.
- What are "sun spots"?
- Patches of gas that are cooler than the rest of the sun and therefore not as bright.
- What are "barred spirals"?
- Spiral "arms" attached to a straight "bar" that runs through the center of a galaxy.
- What are "nebulae"?
- Large clouds of gas and dust floating in space.
- What is the "exosphere"?
- The top-most region of the atmosphere in which molecules of air travel for miles without encountering other air molecules.
- How does a composite volcano form?
- Composite volcanos form when alternating layers of fluid lava and tephra create a steep symmetrical mountain.
- What is the "Milky Way"?
- The galaxy in which we live.
- What is the "corona"?
- A haze of very hot gases which extends hundreds of thousands of miles away from the surface of the sun.
- What is a "spiral galaxy"?
- Galaxies whose shape looks like a giant pinwheel spinning through the void of space (includes the Milky Way and Andromeda). All have a central nucleus that resembles a flattened ball, to which are atached long, curved arms. They contain vast amounts of gas and dust.
- What are "elliptical galaxies"?
- When viewed from the side, they resemble eggs or footballs. They are not as structured as spiral galaxies and do not contain as much free gas or dust.
- What is an astronomer?
- A scientist who studies outer space.
- What is a "granule"?
- Bubbles of rising gas, close to the surface of the sun, which give the sun's face a speckled look. Each "bubble" is about 600 miles across and lasts 5-10 minutes before cooling and sinking back into the sun.
- Spacesuits protect astronauts from extremes of what?
- Temperature
- What is the "chromosphere"?
- The part of the sun's atmosphere closest to the sun's surface which gives the sun its color.
- What are the three types of galactic shapes?
- Spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies.
- What is "friction"?
- The force that resists motion.
- What three galaxies are the closest to ours (the Milky Way Galaxy)?
- Sagittarius Dwarf galaxy, the Large Megellanic Cloud, and the Small Magellanic Cloud.
- What are "irregular galaxies"?
- Irregular galaxies are composed of stars clumped together with no definite shape.
- What is the "photosphere"?
- The sun's visible surface.
- What is a "supercluster"?
- A larger grouping of galaxy clusters (like our Local Group) which join together to form the walls of a vast bubble-shaped structure.