science notes 7
Terms
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- a discrete "packet" of energy
- quantum theory
- speed of light in a vacuum
- 300,000 km per second
- electromagnetic radiation with a frequency slightly higher than that of visible light
- ultraviolet
- visible light with the lowest frequency
- violet
- the additive primary colors
- red, green, blue
- the subtractive primary colors
- cyan, yellow, magenta
- bulges outward and causes rays of light passing through it to bend inward
- convex lens
- phenomenon in which a distant object appears to be nearby as a result of reffraction of light by heated air
- Mirage
- hollowed inward and causes rays of light passing through it to bend outward
- concave lens
- the process by which colors are produced by interference when light is reflected
- Iridescence
- the idea that light can be pictured as streams of tiny particles emitted by light sources
- the particle theory
- what color do u see when all colors of visible light enter at the same time
- white
- what is the absence of color
- black
- an arrangment of all electromagnetic radiation in order of frequency and wavelength
- electromagnetic spectrum
- what is a nanometer
- a billionth of a meter
- a piece of glass or other substance specially designed to refract light
- lens
- 1)all motion must be measured relative to some arbitrary reference point; and 2)the speed of light is constant in relation to any observer
- theory of relativity
- the apparent slowdown in time for a rapidly moving object
- time dilation
- low-frequency electromagnetic widely used for communication
- radio wave
- electromagnetic rays that is just below red visible light in terms of frequency
- infrared rays
- electromagnetic waves that our eyes can perceive
- visible light
- rays that cause sunburns
- UV
- electromagnetic radiation with very short wavelengths
- x-rays
- the most powerful form of electromagnetic radiation, consisting of extremely high frequency and energy and great penetrating ability
- gamma rays
- tiny bundle or "packet" of energy that travels as an electromagnetic wave
- photons
- abbreviation for 'speed of light in a vacuum'
- C
- the spreading out of a wave after it passes through a narrow opening
- diffraction
- a change in the sourse of a wave as the result of a collision with an object or boundary
- reflection
- the reinforcement or cancellation that occurs when two or more waves meet
- interference
- a bending of a path of a wave as a result of a change in wave speed
- refraction
- a semicircular arc of colored bands of light in the sky formed by the dispersion of white sunlight into its component of colors by airborne water droplets
- rainbow
- a device that uses radio waves to detect object and measure their distance
- radar
- dangerous to human cells
- UVB
- the process of photon emission by stimulated of already-exited atoms
- stimulated emission
- describing light that consists of a single frequncy or wavelength, and thus of a single pure color
- monochromatic
- describing electromagnetic waves that are in phase of moving in the same direction
- coherent
- referring to a beam of light containing waves that all vibrate in the same direction
- polarized
- the technique of transmitting light through narrow glasslike "wires" called optical fibers
- fiber optics
- a three-dimensional image produced by laser light
- hologram
- discovered that light is many colors combined
- Isaac Newton
- proposed the wave theory of light
- Christian Huygens
- demonstrated that light seems to consit of two transverse waves vibrating back and forth aganst eachother
- James Clerk Maxwell
- demonstrated the invisible electromagnetic waves
- Heinrich Hertz
- discovered a strange form of radiation that resembled ultraviolet rays in its effect on matter
- Wilhelm Roentgen