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Phlebotomy Tests Performed (copy)

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Hematology Dept.
What color tube?
What is the Additive?
Lavendar
Additive is EDTA
What tube is used for collecting for a CBC and which Dept. does it go to?
Lavender Top Tude - It goes to the Hematology Dept.
It must be inverted 6-8 times immediately after drawing.
What tests are contained in a CBC?
WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, Platelets, and differential count.
What tube is used for a D-Dimer test and which department does it go to?
Light Blue Tube - It goes to Coag. dept. Transport frozen.
What tube is used for a Bilirubin Test? Which Dept. does it go to, and is there an additive?
Red Top tube, no additive, and goes to the chemistry dept. Transport in foil and refrigerate.
What tube is used for a Creatinine test, and which dept. does it go to, and is there an additive?
Red Top Tube, Chemistry Dept. Should refrigerate. (Creatin is for kidney function). No additive
What tube is used for testing Glucose(diabetes, hypoglycemia) levels? Which Dept. Does tube have additive?
Red Top Tube, Chemistry Dept. - no additive. Separate from cells within one hour or used gray top tube.
What tube is used for a Differential test? Is there an additive? Which dept. does it go?
Blood smear with wrights stain.Hematology dept.
What tube is used for a Fibrinogen test? Is there additive? Which dept.
Light Blue Tube - Sodium Citrate additive - Must be filled completely, centrifuge 15 minutes, and freeze immediately. Transport frozen.
What tube used for Hepatitus B or Aids Virus? Which dept.? Is there an additve?
RED/Gray or Gold with silicon gel or Red tube no additive. Goes to Serology immunology dept. Refrigerate and ship in plastic tube.
What tube used for Blood group and RH type? Additive? Which Dept.
Purple with EDTA Immunohematology/blood bank.
What tube is used for Blood culture? Additive? Dept?
Yellow tube - sps additive - microbiology dept.
What tube is used for Retic (reticulocyte) count? Additive? Department?
Lavender top - edta additive - hematology dept. Invert 6-8x
What tubes are used for PT and PTT (APPT)? Additive? Department?
Light blue tube completely filled - Sodium Citrate additive - Invert 6-8x - Coagulation dept.
Which color tubes are used in the chemistry dept?
Gray, Royal Blue, Red glass, Red plastic
A red glass tube has what additive?
No additive
A red plastic tube has what additive?
Clot Activator - silica particles additive
A green tube has what additive and which department does it go to?
Lithium heparin or Sodium heparin and goes to chemistry department.
A gray tube has what additive and goes to what dept?
Sodium fluoride and chemistry dept.
Royal blue has what additives and which dept?
Red label = no additive.
Lavender label = EDTA
Green label = Sodium heparin
Hematology department.
Yellow tube has what additive and which department?
SPS additive and blood bank, hematology, microbiology dept.
Define Hematology.
The study of blood and blood cells.
What two things are we checking for in a WBC count?
Infection and Viral infections.
A high WBC cell count dictates what?
Bacterial Infection.
A low WBC cell count is indicative to?
Viral Infection.
How many factors are in the clotting process, and what is the most common factor?
13 factors and the most common is Factor VIII
What is a differential count?
Percentage of different types of white blood cells.
The most common blood test is what? And what is it used for?
PT/APT or prothrobin Time. This is for cumudin therapy.
What are the five types of white blood cells?
Segmented Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils.
What are band cells?
Immature white blood cells.
What color identifies Eosinophils?
Orange - The eosinophils are quite rare in the blood. assume a characteristic pink-orange color
What color identifies Basophil
Basophils are the rarest leukocytes: Cytoplasm is very rich in granules which take a dark purple color.
What color identifies Neutrophil?
Reddish Brown
What color identifies Monocytes?
Monocytes are the biggest leukocytes: 16-20 µm. They have a great reniform or horseshoe-shaped nucleus, in some cases even bi-lobed. The cytoplasm is transparent
What are platelets?
Platelets are responsible for blood clotting.
What is a Ded Rate Test or ESR (erythrocyte dedimentation rate)
Very common test ordered. It is for general inflammation. Most commonly used for autoimmune disorders and arthritis.
What are the three types of Hemoglobin?
Hgb A1 is the major component of hemoglobin in the normal red blood cell.
Hgb S is an abnormal form of hemoglobin associated with the disease of sickle cell anemia, which occurs predominantly in African-Americans. A distinguishing characteristic of sickle cell disease is the crescent-shaped red blood cell. Because the survival rate of this type of cell is limited, patients with sickle cell disease also have anemia.
Hgb F is the major hemoglobin component in the fetus, but usually exists only in minimal quantities in the normal adult
What is Hemoglobin
The component of red blood cells that carries oxygen.
What is a Retic count?
Number of immature red blood cells.
What is a Pt or prothrombin time test? This is the most common test.
The prothrombin time (PT) test measures how long it takes for a clot to form in a sample of blood. PT test for patients who are receiving the blood-thinning medication warfarin (Coumadin).
What is a PTT/aptt test?
The partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test is a blood test that is done to investigate bleeding disorders and to monitor patients taking an anticlotting drug (heparin).
What is a PTT activated?
The test can be done without activators, but they are usually added to shorten the clotting time, making the test more useful for monitoring heparin levels. When activators are used, the test is called activated partial thromboplastin time or APTT
DEFINE FIBRINOGEN
Fibrin is a protein involved in the clotting of blood. It is a fibrillar protein that is polymerised to form a "mesh" that forms a haemostatic plug or clot (in conjunction with platelets) over a wound site.
What is Plasmas components
90% water - 8% proteins - 1% salts - 1% organic acids.
What happens if whole blood has been allowed to clot before spinning?
When spun the clot will also separate to the bottom of tube. This process would leave the fluid layer at the top free of clotting components and the fluid layer would now be called serum.
What is serum?
The clear, thin and sticky fluid portion of the blood that remains after coagulation. Serum contains no blood cells, platelets or fibrinogen
What color tube used for a Sed Rate Test?
Purple top and goes to Hematology department.
What color tube is used for a Retic Count?
Purple top tube/hematology dept.
What color tube is used for checking Anemia?
Purple top and hematology dept.
Everything in the coagulation department is drawn in what color tube and which dept does it go?
Light Blue top tube - The additive is Sodium Citrate - Absolutely mandatory that the tube be filled completely.
What is the ratio in a light blue top tube?
It is 9 parts of full blood and 1 part anti-coagulant (sodium citrate).
What happens if a blue top tube has too much additive?
There will be extended clotting factors.
What is a D-Dimer test
D-dimer is a blood test performed in the medical laboratory to diagnose thrombosis or Heart attack.
What is fibrin degradation products or FDP?
small fragments of partially digested fibrin found in the blood stream. Used to see i
What is Fibrinolysis?
This involves the ultimate removal or dissolution of the blood clot once healing has occurred. This process is due to the clotting process releasing substances that lead to the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. Plasmin is an enzyme that breaks the fibrin into small fragments call FDP which are then removed by phagocytic cells.
CBC
Lavender Top
It must be inverted 6-8 times immediately after drawing.
What tests are contained in a CBC?
WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, Platelets, and differential count.
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