Psych 223 Ch.15
Terms
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- socialization
- process by which children acquire beliefs, values, and behaviours considered desirable or appropriate by the society to which they belong
- family social system
- complex network of relationships, interactions, and patterns of influence that characterizes a family with three or more members
- nuclear family
- family unit consisting of a wife/mother, a husband/father, and their dependent child(ren)
- direct effect
- instances in which any pair of family members affects and is affected by each other\'s behaviour
- indirect, or third-party, effect
- instances in which the relationship between two individuals in a family is modified by the behaviour or attitudes of a third family member
- coparenting
- circumstance in which parents mutually support each other and function as a cooperative parenting team
- Extended family
- group of blood relatives from more than one nuclear family (e.g. grandparents, aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews) who live together, forming a household
- single parent family
- family system consisting of one parent (either the mother or the father) and the parent\'s dependent child(ren)
- blended, or reconstituted, families
- new families resulting from cohabitation or remarriage that include a parent, one or more children, and step-relations
- acceptance / responsiveness
- dimension of parenting that describes the amount of responsiveness and affection that a parent displays toward a child
- demandingness / control
- dimension of parenting that describes how restrictive and demanding parents are
- authoritarian parenting
- restrictive pattern of parenting in which adults set many rules for their children, expect strict obedience, and rely on power rather than reason to elicit compliance
- authoritative parenting
- flexible style of parenting in which adults allow their children autonomy but are careful to explain the restrictions they impose and ensure that their children follow these guidelines
- permissive parenting
- pattern of parenting in which otherwise accepting adults make few demands of their children and rarely attempt to control their behaviour
- univolved parenting
- pattern of parenting that is both aloof (or even hostile) and overpermissive, almost as if parents cared neither about their children nor about what they may become
- parent effects model
- model of family influence in which parents are believed to influence their children rather than vice versa
- child effects model
- model of family influence in which children are believed to influence their parents rather than vice versa
- transactional model
- model of family influence in which parent and child are believed to influence one another reciprocally
- no-nonsense parenting
- mixture of authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles that is associated with favourable outcomes in African-American families
- autonomy
- capacity to make decisions independently, serve as one\'s own source of emotional strength, and otherwise manage life tasks without depending on others for assistance; an important developmental task of adolescence
- sibling rivalry
- spirit of competition, jealousy, and resentment that may arise between two or more siblings
- complex stepparent home
- family consisting of two married (or cohabitating) adults, each of whom has at least one biological child living at home.
- ownness effect
- tendency of parents in complex stepparent homes to favour and be more involved with their own biological children than with their stepchildren
- simple stepparent home
- family consisting of a parent and his or her biological children and a stepparent
- self-care, or latchkey, children
- children who care for themselves after school or in the evenings while their parents are working
- child abuse
- term used to describe extreme maltreatment of children, involving physical batterings; sexual molestations; psychological insults such as persistent ridicule, rejection, and terrorizing; and physical or emotional neglect
- high-risk neighbourhood
- residential area in which incidence of child abuse is mush higher than in other neighborhoods with the same demographic characteristics