Buzzwords
Terms
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- Actinic Keratosis
- Often preceds squamous cell carcinoma
- Addison's disease
- Primary adrenocortical deficiency
- Albright's syndrome
- Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls
- Albuminocytologic dissociation
- Guillain-Barre (increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
- Alport's syndrome
- Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness
- Anti-basement membrane antibodies
- Goodpasture's syndrome
- Anticentromere Antibodies
- Scleroderma (CREST)
- Anti-ds DNA antibodies (ANA)
- SLE (Type III hypersensitivity)
- Ant-epithelial cell antibodies
- Pemphigous vulgaris
- Antigliadin antibodies
- Celiac disease
- Antihistone antibodies
- Drug-induced SLE
- Anti-IgG antibodies
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Antimitochondrial antibodies
- Primary Biliary Sclerosis
- Antineutrophil antibodies
- Vasculitis
- Antiplatelet antibodies
- Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic purpura
- Arachnodactyly
- Marfan's Syndrome
- Argyll Robertson pupil
- Neurosyphilis
- Arnold-Chiari Malformation
- Cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation
- Aschoff bodies
- Rheumatic fever
- Atrophy of the mamillary bodies
- Wernicke's encephalopathy
- Auer Rods
- Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (especially M3,promyelocytic)
- Autosplenectomy
- Sickle cell anemia
- Babinski's sign
- UMN lesion
- Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- "Bamboo spine" on x-ray
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Bartter's syndrome
- Hyperreninemia
- Basophilic stippling of RBC's
- Lead poisoning
- Becker's Muscular Dystrophy
- Defective Dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's
- Bell's Palsy
- LMN CN VII palsy
- Bence Jones proteins
- Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine)Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM)
- Berger's Disease
- IgA Nephropathy
- Bernard-Soulier disease
- Defect in platelet adhesion
- Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
- Sarcoidosis
- Birbeck granules on EM
- Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
- Bloody tap on LP
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- Blue-bloater
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Blue-domed cysts
- Fibrocystic change of the breast
- Blue sclera
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Boot-shaped heart on XR
- Tetralogy of Fallot / RVH
- Bouchard's nodes
- Osteoarthritis (PIP swelling 2nd to osteophytes)
- Boutonniere deformtiy
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Branching rods in oral infection
- Actinomyces israelii
- Brown Tumor of bone
-
Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts
1. Hyperparathyroidism
2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (Von Recklinghausen's disease) - Brushfield's spots
- Down syndrome
- Bruton's disease
- X-linked agammaglobulinemia
- Budd-Chiari syndrome
- Posthepatic venous thrombosis
- Buerger's disease
- small/medium artery vasculitis
- Burkitt's lymphoma
- 8:14 translocations associated with EBV
- Burton's lines
- Lead poisoning
- C-ANCA, P-ANCA
- Wegener's granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa
- Cafe'-au-lait spots on skin
- Neurofibromatosis
- Caisson disease
- Gas emboli
- Calf pseudohypertrophy
- Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
- Call-Exner bodies
- Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
- Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
- Chaga's Disease
- Cerebriform nuclei
- Mycosis Fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
- Chaga's disease
- trypanosome infection
- Chancre
- Primary syphilis (not painful)
- Chancroid
- Haemophilus ducreyi (painful)
- Charcot's triad
- Multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)
- Charcot-Leyden crystals
- Bronchial Asthma (eosinophil membranes)
- Chediak-Higashi disease
- Phagocyte deficiency
- Cherry-red spot on macula
- Tay-Sachs, Niemann-pick disease, central artery occlusion
- Cheyne-Stokes respirations
- Central apnea in CHF and increased ICP
- Chocolate cysts
- Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
- Chronic atrophic gastritis
- Predisposition to gastric carcinoma
- Chvostek's sign
- Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)
- Clear cell adenocarcinomaof the vagina
- DES exposure in utero
- Clue cells
- Gardnerella vaginitis
- Codman's triangle on XR
- Osteosarcoma
- Cold Agglutinins
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis
- Cold intolerance
- Hypothyroidism
- Condylomata lata
- Secondary syphilis
- Continuous machinery murmur
- Patent ductus arteriosus
- Cori's disease
- Debranching enzyme deficiency
- Cotton wool spots
- Chronic Hypertension
- Cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever
- Measles
- Councilman bodies
- Toxic or viral hepatitis
- Cowdry type A bodies
- Herpes virus
- Crescent's in Bowman's capsule
- Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
- Crigler-Najar syndrome
- Congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
- Curling's ulcer
- Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
- Currant-jelly sputum
- Klebsiella
- Curschmann's spirals
- Bronchial Asthma (whorled mucous plugs)
- Cushing's ulcers
- Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
- D-Dimers
- DIC
- Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
- Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder - rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
- Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
- Pellagra (Niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency)
- diabetes insipidus + exopthalmos + lesions of skull
- Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
- Dog or cat bite
- Pasteurella multocida
- Donovan bodies
- Granuloma inguinale
- Dressler's syndrome
- Post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
- Dubin-Johnson synrome
- Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Black liver)
- Duchenne's Muscular dystrophy
- Deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)
- Eburnation
- Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
- Edward's syndrome
- Trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet, low set ears and heart disease
- Eisenmenger's syndrome
- Late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L->R shunt becomes R->L shunt)
- Elastic skin
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Erb-Duchenne palsy
- Superior trun brachial plexus injury (waiter's tip)
- Erythema chronicum migrans
- Lyme disease
- Fanconi' syndrome
- Proximal tubular reabsorption defect
- "Fat,female,forty and fertile)
- Acute cholecystitis
- Fatty liver
- Alcoholism
- Ferruginous bodies
- Asbetosis
- Gardner's syndrome
- Colon polyps, with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
- Gaucher's disease
- Glucocerebrosidase deficiency
- Ghon focus
- Primary TB
- Gilbert's syndrome
- Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
- Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
- Defect in platelet aggregation
- Goodpasture's syndrome
- Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
- Gower's Manuever
- Duchenne's (use of patient arms to help pick legs up off the floor)
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Idiopathic polyneuritis
- "Hair on end" appearance on XR
- B-thallasemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoeisis)
- Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
- Chronic progressive histiocytosis
- HbF
- Thallasemia major
- HbS
- Sickle cell anemia
- hCG elevated
- Choriocarcinomas, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)
- Heberden's nodes
- Osteoarthritis (DIP swelling 2nd to osteophytes)
- Heinz bodies
- G6pd deficiency
- Henoch-Schonlein purpura
- Hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URI's
- Heterophil antibodies
- Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
- High-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)
- wet beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)
- HLA-B27
- Reiter's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis
- HLA-DR3 or DR4
- DM type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of B cells)
- Homer Wright rosettes
- Neuroblastoma
- Honeycomb lung on XR
- Interstitial fibrosis
- Horner's syndrome
- Ptosis, miosis,and anhidrosis
- Howell-Jolly bodies
- Splenectomy (or nonfunctional spleen)
- huntington's disease
- Caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)
- Hyperphagia + Hypersexuality + Hyperorality, + Hyperdocility
- Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
- Hyperpigmentation of skin
- Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
- Hypersegmented neutrophils
- Macrocytic anemia
- Hypertension + Hypokalemia
- Conn's syndrome
- Hypochromic microcytosis
- Iron-deficiency anemia, lead poisoning
- Increased a-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid / maternal serum
- Anencephaly, spina bifida (neuraltube defects)
- Increased Uric acid levels
- Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome,myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics
- Intussception
- Adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer's patches)
- Janeway lesions
- Endocarditis
- Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
- Syphilis - overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis
- Job's syndrome
- Neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
- Kaposi's sarcoma
- AIDS in MSM
- Kartagener's syndrome
- Dynein defect
- Kayser-Fleischer rings
- Wilson's disease
- Keratin pearls
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Kluver-Bucy syndrome
- Bilateral amygdala lesions
- Koiliocytes
- HPV
- Koplik spots
- Measles
- Krukenberg tumor
- Gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases
- Kussmaul hypernea
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hypermobility
- Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin deficit)
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
- HGPRT deficiency
- Lewy Bodies
- Parkinson's disease
- Libman-Sacks disease
- Endocarditis associated with SLE
- Lines of Zahn
- Arterial thrombus
- Lisch nodules
- Neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen's disease)
- Low serum ceruloplasmin
- Wilson's disease
- Lucid interval
- Epidural hematoma
- Lumpy-bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence
- Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Lytic bone lesions on XR
- Multiple myeloma
- Mallory bodies
- Alcoholic liver disease
- Mallory-Weiss syndrome
- Esophagogastric lacerations
- McArdle's disease
- Muscle phosphorylase deficiency
- McBurney's sign
- Appendicitis
- MLF syndrome (INO)
- multiple sclerosis
- Monoclonal antibody spike
- Multiple myeloma, (called the M protein; usually IgG, orIgA), MGUS, Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
- Myxedema
- Hypothyroidism
- Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
- Wegener's and Goodpasture's (Hemoptysis and glomerular disease)
- Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
- Gout
- Negri bodies
- rabies
- Nephritis + Cataracts + hearing loss
- Alport's syndrome
- Neurofibrillary tangles
- Alzheimer's disease
- Niemann-Pick disease
- Sphingomyelinase deficiency
- No lactation postpartum
- Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
- Nutmeg liver
- CHF
- Occupational exposure to Asbestos
- Malignant mesothelioma
- "Orphan Annie" nuclei
- Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
- Osler's nodes
- Endocarditis
- Owl's eye
- CMV
- Painless jaundice
- Pancreatic cancer (head)
- Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
- Henoch-Schonlein purpura
- Pancoast's tumor
- Bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner's syndrome
- Pannus
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Parkinson's disease
- Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
- Periosteal elevation on XR
- Pyogenic osteomyelitis
- Puetz-Jeghers syndrome
- Benign polyposis
- Peyronie's Disease
- Penile fibrosis
- Philadelphia Chromosome (bcr-abl)
- CML
- Pick bodies
- Pick's disease
- " Pink Puffer"
- Emphysema (centroacinar[smoking], panacinar [alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency]
- Plummer-vinson syndrome
- Esophageal webs with iron deficency
- Podagra
- Gout
- Podocyte fusion
- Minimal change disease
- Polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology, and edema
- Dry beriberi (Thiamine, B1 deficiency)
- Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or Respiratory infection
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
- Pompe's disease
- Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly
- Port-wine stain
- Hemangioma
- Positive anterior drawer sign
- ACL injury
- Pott's disease
- Vertebral Tuberculosis
- Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement
- Glioblastoma Multiforme
- Pseudorosettes
- Ewing's sarcoma
- Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
- Horner's syndrome
- Rash on palms and soles
- 2nd syphilis, Rocky Mtn. Spotted fever
- Raynaud's Syndrome
- Recurrent vasospasm in extremities
- RBC casts in urine
- Acute glomerulonephritis
- Recurrent pulmonary Psuedomonas and S. Aureus infections
- Cystic fibrosis
- Red urine in the morning
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- Reed-Stenberg cells
- Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Reid index (increased)
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Reinke crystals
- Leydig cell tumor
- Reiter's Syndrome
- Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis
- Renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomas
- von-hippel-lindau disease
- Renal epithelial casts in urine
- Acute toxic/viral nephrosis
- Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
- Pseudogout
- Rib Notching
- Coarctation of the Aorta
- Roth's spots in retina
- Endocarditis
- Rotor's syndrome
- Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
- Rouleaux formation (RBC's)
- Multiple myeloma
- Russell Bodies
- Multiple myeloma
- S3
- L -> R shunt (VSD, ASD, PDA) mitral regurgitation, LV failure (CHF)
- S4
- Aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
- Schiller-Duval bodies
- Yolk-sac tumor
- Senile plaques
- Alzheimer's disease
- Sezary Syndrome
- Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
- Sheehan's syndrome
- Postpartum pituitary necrosis
- Shwartzman Reaction
- Neisseria Meningitis
- Signet-ring cells
- Gastric Carcinoma
- Simian Crease
- Down Syndrome
- Sipple's syndrome
- MEN type IIa
- Sjogren's syndrome
- Dry eyes, Dry mouth, arthritis
- Skip lesions
- Crohn's
- Slapped cheeks
- Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
- Smith antigen
- SLE
- Smudge cell
- CLL
- Soap bubble on XR
- Giant cell tumor of bone
- Spike and dome on EM
- Membranous Glomerulonephritis
- Spitz nevus
- Benign juvenile melanoma
- Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
- Endocarditis
- Starry-sky pattern
- Burkitt's Lymphoma
- Strawberry tongue
- Scarlet fever
- Streaky ovaries
- Turner's syndrome
- String sign on XR
- Crohn's disease
- Subepithelial humps on EM
- Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Suboccipital lymphadenopathy
- Rubella
- Sulfur granules
- Actinomyces israelii
- Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia
- Scurvy
- Systolic ejection murmur
- Aortic valve stenosis
- t(8:14)
- Burkitt's Lymphoma (c-myc activation)
- t(9:22)
- Philadelphia chromosome;CML bcr-abl hybrid
- t(14:18)
- Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation)