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Electrolyte mneumonics for CCRN

Terms

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Intracellular Electrolytes
Potassium, Magnesium and Chloride
Extracellular Electrolytes
Sodium, Calcium and Phosphorus
Sodium Function
"Maintain extracellular volume and water balance
Aids to transmit nerve impulses"
"Hypernatremia
Causes"
"How Hot, Humid or Dry a Day is Saturday?
Hyperglycemia (osmotic diureses)
Hypercalcemia (D/T polyuria)
High Aldo (Adrenal tumor)
Dehydration
DI
Salt Water Intake"
"Hypernatremia
Clinical manifestations"
Same as dehydration including ALOC
"Hypernatremia
Interventions"
"Administer hypotonic IV
Neuro checks/ pulm. assessment to prevent overcorrection
Monitor urine and serum osmo and serum Na+"
"Hyponatremia
Causes"
"Diaphoresis and plain water hydration
SIADH
Low Aldo-(Adrenal insuff) Na levels fall"
"Hyponatremia
Clinical manifestations"
"""Twitch, Twitch, Seize, Seize, Chevostek and Trousseau""
Abd cramps
Usually accompanied by fluid volume overload"
"Hyponatremia
Interventions"
"Administer hypertonic IV
Diuretics "
"Potassium
Function"
"Cellular metabolism
Transmission of neuromuscular impulses
Supports cardiac cycle
Acid base balance"
"Hypokalemia
Causes"
"GLAD-H
GI Losses
Low Mag
Alkalosis
Diuretics
High Aldo"
"Hypokalemia
Clinical manifestations"
"It's Nauseating and Paralyzing Indeed,
Ur Low Long Appendage
Impaired muscle contraction incl. N/V & Paralysis (Ileus)
EKG changes: U waves, Low ST and T waves, Long QTI and Arrythmias "
"Hypokalemia
Interventions"
"Replacement
"
"Hyperkalemia
Causes "
"CART4-H
Cellular Destruction
Acidosis
Renal Disease
Too much KCL, b-blockers, digoxin, NSAIDS
Hypoaldosterone (Adrenal insuff)- Na can't be retained K can't be excreted"
"Hyperkalemia
Clinical manifestations"
"Ascending paralysis, twiching, cramping, weakness, N/V, diarrhea, oliguria, numbness, tingling
EKG changes: ""Low heart rate, ST and a flat or low P. Wide QRS (BBB), PR and a really high T. Short QT and Arrythmi"""
"Hyperkalemia
Interventions"
"Glucose and insulin
Bicarbonate
Calcium
Kayexalate"
"Calcium
Function"
"Formation of bone and teeth
Blood clotting
Myocardial contractility
Nerve impulse conduction (suppressant effect)"
"Calcium
Regulation"
"Vitamin D
Parathyroid"
"Hypocalcemia
Causes"
"(same as high phos)
STRADL4 HM
Sepsis
Thiazide
Renal dz (Kidneys activate Vit D)
Alkalosis
Diarrhea
Low PTH, mag, albumin or Vit D
High Phos
Massive transfusion"
"Hypocalcemia
Clinical Manifestations"
"""Twitch, Twitch, Seize, Seize, Chevostek and Trousseau""
""Anxiously Bleeding while Wheezing with a low BP and a long QT/ST"""
"Hypocalcemia
Interventions"
Oral or IV calcium (NEVER IM CALCIUM)
"Hypercalcemia
Causes"
"MR. P.L2. TOTBRAH3
Malignancy
Renal dz
Paget's
Low phos and aldo
Tb
Osteo
Thiazide
Bedrest
Rhabdo
Alkalosis
High PTH, A or D"
"Hypercalcemia
Clinical Manifestations"
"(same as low phos)
SF LUVS NC BOY PT
Stones
Fractures
Lethargy
Ulcers
Vomiting
Short QT/blocks
Neuromuscular decrease
Confusion
Blood clotting increase
Polyuria
Thirst"
"Hypercalcemia
Interventions"
"Normal Saline
Loop diuretics (Thiazide diuretics may ^ ca++)
Oral Phosphates
Parathyroidectomy
Mitromycin/ Plicamycin
Calcitonin
Steroids (Decrease GI absorbtion of ca++)"
"Magnesium
Functions"
"Nerve impulse conduction
Chemical metabolism
Cardiac conduction "
"Hypomagnesemia
Causes"
"Even Good Brains Die If Drugs Are Taken Regularly
ETOH
GI loss
Blood transfusion
Diuretics
Infection
Digoxin
ATBX
Trauma
Renal dz"
"Hypomagnesemia
Clinical manifestations"
"""Twitch, Twitch, Seize, Seize, Chevostek and Trousseau""
Confusion and Agitation
Same EKG changes as with low K
Causes low K, low ca"
"Hypomagnesemia
Interventions"
Replacement
"Hypermagnesemia
Causes"
"Overdose on mg or meds containing mg
Renal failure"
"Hypermagnesemia
Clinical Manifestations"
"Lethargy
Slow/Weak pulse
Low BP
Decreased tonicity
Low RR
Heart block"
"Hypermagnesemia
Interventions"
Dialysis
"Acidosis
Clinical Manifestations"
"Vasoconstriction/Increased ICP
Lethargy
Stupor
High RR
Shift to the Right"
"Acidosis
Causes"
"METABOLIC: DKA, Lactic acidosis, Renal disease
RESPIRATORY: Hypoventilation (COPD, drug OD)"
"Alkalosis
Causes"
"METABOLIC: GI loss, diuretics, high aldosterone
RESPIRATORY: Hyperventilation"
"Alkalosis
Clinical Manifestations"
"Vasodialation
Twitching
N/V
Confusion
Shift to the Left"

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