Answers from Qbank Cardiovascular
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- Mechanism of indomethacin? Used to treat which heart condition?
- PG synthesis inhibitor... Used to induce closure of a PDA
- Eisenmenger's?
- Change from left-to-right shunt
- Where is ACE made in the body?
- Endothelial cells of pulmonary capillaries
- How does hypoxia affect systemic arterioles?
- Causes them to dilate
- Left parasternal heave?
- RVH
- T or F? Removing a parallel resistance increases the total resistance.
- True
- Which syndrome is frequently associated with the ostium primum type of ASD?
- Down syndrome
- 60 y/o cardiology patient - what does S3 indicated?
- CHF
- Most likely reason for widened pulse pressure?
- Arterial hardening due to arteriosclerosis
- Initial alteration leading to atherosclerosis?
- Injury to endothelial lining
- Ductus arteriosus is derived from which aortic arch
- 6
- How does increased stroke volume affect pulse pressure?
- Widens it
- Biggest pressure drop in the vascular system?
- Arterioles
- T or F? Loss of arterioles is a long term consequence of HTN..
- True
- Radiation of the murmur of aortic stenosis?
- Neck
- Name the disease: erythema migrans, fever, chills, joint pains, AV block
- Lyme disease
- Rate of an independent ventricular beat?
- ~40
- Prinzmetal's?
- Angina due to coronary artery spasm occurring during rest
- Adenosine levels in ventricular hypertrophy?
- Increased - ATP is being converted to adenosine
- Dressler's syndrome?
- Autoimmune phenomenon resulting in fibrinous percarditis and chest pain several weeks after a myocardial infection
- In acute hemorrhage, which blood vessels are responsible for minimizing the decrease in mean systemic filling pressure?
- Veins and venules
- Which conditions could cause sharp, stabbing chest pain?
- Pericarditis and dissecting aortic aneurysm
- MSFP? Normal value?
- Mean circulatory filling pressure - 7 mmHg
- Sudden excruciating pain between shoulder blades in a patient with hypertension?
- Dissection
- Describe the murmur of aortic regurgitation?
- Diastolic, high pitched, blowing, best heard along the left sternal border
- Decreased arterial pressure, increased systemic venous pressure, and a small quiet heart...
- Cardiac tamponade
- Which arch gives rise to the internal carotid artery?
- Arch 3
- T or F? ASDs are caused by incomplete adhesion between the septum primum and septum secundum...
- T
- Which shunt direction causes cyanosis?
- Right-to-left
- Ostium primum type of ASD results from failure of...?
- Of the septum primum to fuse with the endocardial cushions
- What is the most common etiologic agent of infective endocarditis in IV drug abusers?
- Staph aureus
- T or F? Femoral vein is lateral to the artery?
- False. Medial
- This causes myocarditis and dysmotility of hollow organs, such as the esophagus, colon, and ureter.
- Chagas
- Sphenopalatine artery is the terminal branch of...?
- Maxillary artery
- When does the fetal heart start to beat?
- 4 weeks
- Which bug is associated with colon cancer, bacteremia and endocarditis?
- Strep bovis
- Epicardium aka?
- Visceral pericardium
- Endomyocardial fibrosis with hypereosinophilia aka?
- Loeffler endocarditis
- Scattered mesenchymal cells in a prominent myxoid background - this occurs as a single lesion in the left atrium that may intermittently obstruct the mitral valve
- Atrial myxoma
- Myxoid degeneration of mitral valve leaflets...
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Monckeberg arteriosclerosis aka?
- Medial calcific sclerosis
- Which type of pericarditis is associated with post-MI?
- Fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis
- 30% of patients with polyarteritis nodosa have which viral infection?
- Hep B
- Massive dilation of the aortic root with an absence of atherosclerotic vessel lesions strongly suggests...?
- Syphilitic aneurysm
- Give the disease name for congenital defective LDL receptor?
- Familial hypercholesterolemia
- Cystic hygromas are a feature of...?
- Turner (Webbed neck)
- Fragile X is associated with which valvular problem?
- Mitral prolapse
- Occasional autopsy heart finding in SIDS?
- RVH
- What % of Down syndrome patients have congenital CV disease?
- 20%
- Leukocytoclastic angiitis is aka?
- Hypersensitivity angiitis
- Most common cardiac anomaly in Down syndrome?
- Endocardial cushion defect
- Which defective protein is made in Marfan?
- Fibrillin
- Polyarteritis nodosa affects which blood vessels?
- Small, medium sized muscular arteries
- Which antiarrhythmics decrease SA node automaticity, increase AV node refractoriness, and decrease AV nodal conduction velocity?
- Type II - Beta blockers
- Which antihypertensive can cause dyslipidemia and AV block?
- Metoprolol
- Captopril - what class of drug?
- ACE inhibitor
- Most common adverse effect of niacin?
- Flushing
- Diltiazem - class of drug?
- Ca channel blocker
- Rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis?
- HMG-CoA ---> Mevalonic acid
- Which agents are used as first-line in HOCM?
- Beta blockers
- This illicit drug blocks NE uptake?
- Cocaine
- Amlodipine - type of drug?
- Ca channel blocker
- Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity..?
- Acebutolol and pindolol
- This agent can control rapid Afib and Aflutter..
- Diltiazem
- Drug-induced lupus?
- QCHIMP drugs
- Anti-HTN drug for a pregnant woman?
- Methyl-dopa
- List the beta 1 (cardioselective) blockers?
- A BEAM - acebutolol, betaxolol, esmolol, atenolol, metoprolol
- Which Ca channel blocker could exacerbate CHF?
- Verapamil
- Phentolamine?
- Antagonist at alpha-1 and alpha-2 receptors
- Which drugs prolong repolarization, widen the QRS, and prolong the QT?
- K+-channel blockers
- Drug-induced gout?
- Thiazide diureticsq
- WPW tx?
- Ibutilide - Class III
- Afib stabilization?
- Diltiazem
- T or F? Thiazide diuretics decrease the excretion of calcium?
- True
- Treatment of HTN in a woman with diabetic nephropathy and hyperuricemia?
- ACE inhibitor