GA8-12-06
Terms
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- Erb's Palsy
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-"Waiter's Tip"
-upper brachial plexus injury
-can result from birth injury
-results from loss of abduction of shoulder, flexion at arm, and external rotation provided by infraspinatus
-arm presents as internally rotated
-mostly C5-C6, some C7 - Avulsion of Brachial Plexus
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-pulling the plexus away from where it attaches to the spinal cord
-can result in complete loss of function in upper limb - Horner's syndrome
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-caused by an injury to sympathetic nerves to the face
-presents with a constricted pupil and drooping eyelid - What clinical presentations might you see with an injury to the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
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-difficulty with extension of arm, hand, fingers, as well as abduction (except for first 15 degrees)
-affects radial and axillary nerves, which come off posterior cord - Tinel's Sign
- -tapping over a compressed nerve recreates pain/tingling
- Fromen's Sign
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-asking patient to hold a piece of paper between thumb and first finger
-if patient is able to do this, then the adductor of thumb is still ok
-if patient can't do this or compensates by flexing the thumb, there is an abnormality of the ULNAR NERVE - EMG (electromyography)
- -shows innervation to muscles and shows deinnervation potentials in muscles and somatosensory potentials to see how sensory potentials run back up the nerve
- Phalen's Sign
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-hold fingers down towards wrist
-indicates compression of nerves
-test for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
-a positive test will produce numbness or tingling when hands are held in this position for ~30 sec. - Wound healing via primary intention
- -sew skin shut and wound heals from skin down
- Wound healing via secondary intention
- -wound heals from bottom up
- Pseudomeningocele
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-collection of CSF forms in the soft tissue
-CSF has a rxn w/ soft tissue that causes a "rind" to form
-where there's a CSF leak into the soft tissue but it remains contained in the soft tissue
- - Meningocele
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-where dura is bowed out and CSF is in there
-a normal spinal cord but meninges are bulging out