Community test 4 - 2 (STDs)
Terms
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- Bacterial STDs
- gonorrhea (some are resistant strains) syphilis chlamydia
- Can STDs caused by viruses be cured?
- No (chronic disease)
- Viral STDs
- herpes simplex HPV HAV HBV
- Chlamydia S/S (Male)
- nongonococcal urethritis (NGU); painful urination and urethral discharge; epididymitis
- Chlamydia S/S (Female)
- None ir mucopurulent cervicitis (MPC); vaginal discharge; if untreated, progress to symptoms of PID: diffuse abdominal pain, fever, chills
- Chlamydia TX
- doxycycline azithromycin
- Chlamydia (Pt teaching)
- refer partners of past 60 days; counsel client to use and avoid sex until therapy is complete and sx are gone in both client and partners; medication teaching
- Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) S/S (male)
- urethritis, purulent discharge, painful urination, urinary frequency; epididymitis
- Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) S/S (female)
- None, or symptoms of PID
- Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) Tx
- ceftriaxone ciprofloxacin ofloxacin cefixime levofloxacin If chlamydial infection not ruled out, give azithromycin
- Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) Pt Teaching
- Refer pertners of past 60 days; return for evaluation if sx persist; counsel client to use therapy until complete and symptoms are gone in both client and pertners; medication teaching
- Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) DX
- culture of discharge; gram stain of urethral discharge, endocervical or rectal smear
- Chlamydia DX
- Tissue culture; Gram stain of endocervical or urethral discharge: presence of PMNs without gram-negative intracellular diplococci suggests NGU
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) S/S (Primary) (10-90 days)
- usually single, painless cancre; if untreated, heals in a few weeks
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) S/S (Secondary) (6 wks to 6 mo)
- low-grade fever malaise sore throat headache adenopathy rash
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) S/S (Early Latency) (within 1 year of infection)
- asymptomatic infectious lesions may occur
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) S/S (Late Latency) (after 1 year of infection)
- Asymptomatic; noninfectious except to fetus of pregnant women
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) S/S (Late Active) 2-40 years
- Gummas of skin, bone, mucous membranes, heart, liver CNS involvement: Paresis, optic atrophy Cardiovascular involvement: Aortic aneurysm, aortic valve insufficiency
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) DX (primary)
- visualization of pathogen on darkfield microscope examination; single painless ulcer (cancre), FTA-ABS or MHA-TP, VDRL (reactive 14 days after apperarance of chancre)
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) DX (late latency)
- Lumbar puncture, CSF cell count, protein level determination, and VDRL
- Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) TX
- tetracycline
- Herpes S/S
- vesicles, painful ulceration of penis, vagina, labia, perineum, or anus; lesions last 5-6 weeks, and recurrence is common; may be asymptomatic
- Herpes Tx
- No cure; tx episodes with acyclovir
- HBV (Acute)
- self limiting; individuals develop antibodies & successfully eliminate the virus from the body; Symptoms: (mild)mild, flu-like sx to (severe) jaundice, extreme lethargy, nausea, fever and joint pain (hospitalization)
- HBV (2 types)
- - acute - chronic
- HBV (Chronic)
- - body is unable to rid itself of the virus and remain lifelong carriers of the Hep B surface antigen (HBsAg) - (as carriers) able to transmit the HBV to others; may develop hepatic carcinoma or chronic active hepatitis
- HBV (Chronic) S/S
- anorexia fatigue abd discomfort hepatomegaly jaundice