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Phlebotomy Chapter 3

Terms

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Avulsion.
Forceful tearing away of a body part.
Biohazard.
Substance harmful to health.
Engineering Control.
Device that isolates or removes a BBp hazard.
Fomite
Object that harbors infectious material.
Hepatitis.
Liver imflammation.
Microbe.
Microorganism.
Neutropenic.
Low neutrophil count.
Nosocomial.
Hospital-acquired infection.
Parenteral.
Other than the digestive tract.
Percutaneous.
Through the skin.
Permucosal.
Through mucous membranes.
Systemic.
Affects the entire body.
Vector.
Insect, arthropod, or animal that transmits disease.
Viability.
Ability to live.
Virulence.
Degree of pathogenicity.
What is the proper neonatal intesive care unite blood drawing procedure?
Wear mask, gown, and gloves.
What does the National Fire-Protection Association (NFPA) codeword Race mean?
Rescue, Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish.
What are some statements regarding employee bloodborne pathogen exposure, that we should know?
All exposure incidents should be reported to a supervisor, an exposed employee should have access to a free confidential medical evaluation, and the exposure should be documented on an incident report form.
When the chain of infection is broken:
Infection is prevented.
The focus of infection control turned from preventing patient-to-patient tranmission to preventing patient-to-personnel transmission with the introduction of this concept.
Universal Precautions. (UP)
The term used to describe an infection that infects the entire body is:
Systemic.
What type of precautions would be used for a patient who has pulmonary tuberculosis?
Airborne.
What are recommended by the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard?
Handwashing following glove removal, HBV Immunization, and the use of barrier protection devices.
The abbreviation for the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is :
HIV.
A person who has recovered from a particular virus an has developed antibodies against that virus is said to be:
Immune.
According to standard first aid procedures, severe external hemorrhage is best controlled by:
Applying direct pressure and elevation of the extremity.
The main purpose of an infection control program is to:
Prevent the spread of infection in the hospital.
A pathogen is:
A microbe capable of causing disease.
What diseases involve bloodborne pathogen:
AIDS, Hepatitis B, and Syphilis.
What does proper handwashing procedures involve:
Wet hands with water before applying soap, stand back so that clothing does not touch the sink, and wash for at least 15 seconds.
An example of a dieseas requiring droplet isolation is:
Pertussis.
A Class C fire involves:
Electrical Equipment.
Standard precautions should be followed:
With all patients, at all times.
HBV vaccination involves:
A dose of vaccine, another 1 month later, and a final dose 6 months later.
Objects capable fo adhering to infectious material and transmitting disease are called:
Fomites.
The "Right to Know" law primarily deals with:
Hazardous materials information.
The body organ targeted by HBV is the:
Liver.
The two organizations responsible for the latest Guideline for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals are the:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC)
Gloves are worn to:
Prevent contamination of hands when handling blood or fluids,reduce the chance of transmitting microorganisms on the hands of personnel to patients during invasive procedures, and minimize the possibility of transmitting infectious microorganisms from one patient to another.
The three components of fire referred to as the fire triangle are:
Fuel, Oxygen and Heat.
What is the means of breaking the chain of infection?
Hand washing and glove use, isolation procedures, and stress reduction and proper nutrition.
What is a proper electrical safety procedure?
Servicing electrical equipment when unplugged.
What body parts does the standard precaution apply to?
Joint fluid, saliva, and urine.
The ability of a microorganism to survive on contaminated articles and equipment has to do with its:
Viability.
The component that turns the fire triangle into a fire tetrahedron is:
A chemical reaction.
Airborne precautions require the phlebotomist to wear:
An N95 respirator.
The majority of exposures to HIV in healthcare setting occur:
From needlesticks.
The most common type of nosocomial infection in the United States is:
Urinary Tract Infection.
What organizations instituted and enforces the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
What are proper laboratory safety procedures:
Secure long hair away from the face, never eat, drink, or apply makeup in the laboratory, and wear closed-toe shoes.
You accidentally splash a bleach solution in your eyes while preparing it for cleaning purposes. What must you do first?
Flush your eyes with water for a minimum of 15 minutes.
What is the best way to clean up blood that has dripped on the arm of a phlebotomy chair?
Absorb it with a paper towel or gauze pad and wipe the area with disinfectant.
An example of employee screening for infection control is:
Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) testing.
What mode of infection transmission occurs from touching contaminated bed linens?
Indirect Contact.
What things can be transmitted through blood transfusions?
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and Syphilis.
What is required under the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP) Standard?
Wear gloves when performing phlebotomy procedures.
What type of isolation would be used for a patient who has a very low white cell count?
Neutropenic.
What should the phlebotomist do if the outside of a patient specimen tube has blood on it?
Wipe it with disinfectant.
A laboratory or patient care activity that requires goggles to prevent exposure from sprays or splashes also requires this protective attire.
Mask.
What would not necessarily lead to work restrictions for a hospital employee?
A positive protein purified derivative (PPD) test.
How many classes of fire are identified by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)?
Four.
What is the best means of preventing nosocomial infection?
Proper hand washing.
The purpose of "protective" isolation is to:
Protect susceptible patients from outside contamination.
What involves possible exposure to bloddborne pathogens by a "percutaneous" exposure route?
Getting stuck with a contaminated needle.
In what instance could an electrical shock to a patient most likely occur?
Touching electrical equipment while drawing a patient's blood.
The OSHA Hazardous Communication (HazCom) Standard is also commonly called the:
The "Right to Know" Law.
The best course of action when entering an isolation room is:
Follow the directions on the sign on the door.
What dieases involve a bloodborne pathogen?
Malaria.
The degree to which an organism is capable of causing disease is called:
Virulence.
Any material or substance harmful to health is a (n):
Biohazard.
What is the proper order for putting on protective clothing?
Gown first, then mask, and gloves last.
The blue quadrant of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) diamond-shaped symbol for hazardous material indicates:
Health Hazard.
What labeling system uses a diamond shaped sign containing the United Nations hazard class number and a symbol representing the hazard?
Department of Transportation. (DOT)
What are some unacceptable chemical safety procedures:
Adding acid to water, familiarizing oneself with the material safety data sheets (MSDS) of a new reagent, and reporting a malfunctioning eye wash station to the proper authority.
Federal law requires that hepatitis B vaccination be madee available to employees assigned to duties with occupational exposure risk:
Within 10 working days of initial assignment.
What is the first thing the phlebotomist should do in the event of an accident needlestick?
Decontaminate the site and fill out an incident report.
What are some symptoms of shock:
Cold clammy skin, expressionless face and staring eyes, and increased shallow breathing.
The main principles involved in radiation exposure are:
Exposure time, distance, and shielding.
This organization requires healthcare facilites to have an infection control program.
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizationn. (JCAHO)
What is an example of a nosocomial infection?
Catheter site of a patient iinthe intensive care unit becomes infected.
This organization's reguations supersede those of all other organiztions.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (OSHA)
What regulations requires the availabilty of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the medical laboratory?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (OSHA)
What recommendation do the New American Heart Association recommend for CPR?
Deletion fo the pulse check, public access to and training in the use of automatic external defibrillators, and standardizing to resue breaths to 15:1 for both one and two resuer CPR.
The most frequently occurring laboratory-acquired infection is:
Hepatitis B Virus. (HBV)
What are the required parts of an exposure control plan:
An exposure determination, communication of hazards, and methods of implementation.
What class of fire occures with combustible metals?
D.
What precautions are to be used for a patient who has an enteric pathogen?
Contact.
What are examples of possible "parenteral" means of transmission:
Getting stuck by a needle used on patient with AIDS, rubbing the eye with a contaminated hand, and touching infectious material with chapped hands.
What affects a person's general susceptibility to infection:
Age, health, and Immune status.
An example of vector infection transmission is:
Contracting plague from the bite of a rodent flea.
A patient might be placed in protective isolation if he or she has:
Severe burns.
What is the correct order for removing protective clothing?
Gloves, mask, and gown.
The substance abbreviated as HBsAg when detected in a patient's serum confirms:
Hepatitis B (HBV) infection.
A radiation hazard symbol on a patient's door signifies a patient who:
Is being treated with radioactive isotopes.
What is an example of a work practice control that reduces risk of exposure to bloddborne pathogens?
Hand washing after glove removal.
Universal precautions, the precursor to standard precautions, were introduced by the:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CBC)
Healthcare workers are considered immune to a disease if they have:
Had the disease.
What is the best thing to ise to extinguish a flammable liquid fire?
Class B extinguisher.
What federal agency instituted and enforces regulations requiring the labeling of hazardous materials?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
What mode of infection transmission involves transfer of an infective microbe to the mucous mebrances of a susceptible individual by means of a cough or sneeze?
Droplet.
Whart are some links (component) in the chain of infection:
Means of transmission, source, and susceptible host.
The abbreviation for the organization specifically charged with the investigation and control of disease is the:
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC)
What is the first action to take to help a victim in shock?
Maintain an open airway.
What are healthy ways to deal with stress:
Exercising on a regular basis, learning how to relax, and taking time to plan your day.
A nosocomial infection is:
Acquired by a patient while in the hospital.
The mode of transmission that involves contaminated food, water, drugs, or a blood transfusion is:
Vehicle.
A phlebotomist who has been diagnosed with strep thraot should:
Take antibiotics for 24 hours before returning to work.
The manufacturer must supply a material safety data sheet (MSDS) for:
Isopropyl alcohol.
What is an examples of an engineering control that helps eliminate hazards posed by bloodborne pathogens?
Sharps Container
Manufacturers are required to supply material safety data sheets (MSDS) for their products by the:
OSHA Hazardous Communication (HazCom)Standard.
Waht term is used to describe a type of infection taht can be spread from person to person?
Communicable.
What class of fire occurs with flammable liquids?
Class B.
The first thing to do in the event of electrical shock to a co-worker or patient is:
Shut off the source of electricity.
When a pathogen invades the body and causes disease, the result is called a (n):
Infection.
When a pathogen invades the body and causes disease, the result is called a (n):

Infection.

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