Biology Chapter 3
Terms
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- 2 Categories of Lipids
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- Lipids with Fatty Acids
- Lipids without Fatty Acids
- 2 Categories of Proteins
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- Fibrous Proteins
- Globular Proteins
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3 Categories of Carbohydrates
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- Monosachharides
- Oligosaccharides
- Polysaccharides
- 3 categories of Lipids with fatty acids
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- Glycerides: one, two, or 3 fatty acids attached to glycerol backbone
- Phospholipids: phosephate group, one other polar group, two fatty acids attached to glycerol backbone
- Waxes: lo
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3 Categories of Nucleic Acids
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- Adenosine Phosphates
- Nucleotide Enzymes
- Nucleic Acids
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5 categories of reactions
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- Functional group transfer
- Electron Transfer
- Rearrangement
- Condensation
- Cleavage
- Cholesterol
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- Component of animal cell membranes
- Precursor to many steroids and of vitamin D
- Cleavage
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A molecule splits into two smaller ones.
- Condensation
- Through covalent bonding, two molecules combine to form a larger molecule.
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Each carbon atom can share pairs of electrons with as many as ___ atoms.
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...As many as four atoms.
- Electron transfer
- One or more electrons stripped from one molecule and donated to another molecule.
- Enzymes
- A class of protein that makes specific metabolic reactions proceed faster than they would on their own.
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Functional Group
- Various kinds of atoms or clusters of atoms covalently bonded to the backbone.
- Functional-group transfer
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One molecule gives up a functional group, while another molecule accepts.
- Organic Compounds
- Molecules of life, which have hydrogen and often other elements covalently bonded to carbon atoms
- Rearrangement
- A juggling of internal bonds converts one type of organic compound into another.
- Sterols
- four carbon rings; the number, position, and type of functional groups differ between various sterols
- Structure of fibrous proteins
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individual polypeptide chains, often linked into tough, water-insoluble moleucles
- Structure of globular proteins
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one or more polypeptide chains folded and linked into globular shapes
Have many roles in cell activities
- Use of Fats and oils
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Energy storage
- Use of Glucose
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Energy source
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Use of Sucrose
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Form of sugar transported in plants
- Uses of starc, cellulose, and glycogen
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- Energy storage
- Structural Roles