Chapter 10 Vocabulary Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Terms
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- the primary transcription enzyme.
- RNA polymerase
- the process in which RNA is made from DNA.
- transcription
- five-carbon sugar in RNA.
- ribose
- an enzyme that binds to the seperated strands of DNA and assembles each strand's complement in replication.
- DNA polymerase
- the stating that in DNA, cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine pairs with thymine and in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil.
- base-pairing rule
- cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine pairs with thymine.
- complementary base pairs
- a phosphate group which consists of a phosphorus,P, atom surrounds by oxygen, o, atoms.
- deoxyribose
- a DNA nucleotide containing nitrogen, a sugar molecule and a phosphate group.
- nitrogen-containing base
- the formation of proteins using information coded on DNA and carried by RNA.
- protein synthesis
- triplets of nucleotides in mRNA that determine the sequence of amino acids in protein.
- genetic code
- a group of three sequential nitrogen bases of an mRNA molecule.
- codon
- the process of converting the genetic code in RNA into the amino acid sequence that makes up a protein.
- translation
- a region of tRNA consisting of three bases complementary to the codon of mRNA.
- anticodon
- specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of a gene in eukaryotes.
- termination signal
- a nucleotide sequence on a DNA molecule that, when attached to an RNA polymerase molecule, will initiate transcription of a specific structural gene.
- promoter