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Terms
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- a material that forms the essential part of the earth's solid crust
- rock
- an inorganic material derived from rocks, or a distinct mineral found in nature
- mineral
- chemically unaltered mineral since deposition and crystalizatoin from molten lava
- primary mineral (ie: quartz, muscovite, feldspar)
- results from the decomposition of a primary mineral
- secondary mineral (ie: calcite, gymsum, clay minerals)
- all physical and biochemical changes produced in rocks at earth's surface by stmospheric agents
- weathering
- physical weathering (4)
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Temp: expansion and contraction due to heat
Abrasion by water, ice, and wind
Plants and animals: break and move
Dominant in very cold or dry environments. - Biochemical weathering (4)
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Hydration: addition of H2O
Dominant in hot and wet conditions
Hydrolysis
Dissolution: water disolving substances
Carbonation and acid reactions - Hydrolsis
- water molecules split into H+ and OH-, and H+ replaces a cation from the mineral
- 5 Factors influencing soil formation
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1.parent material:lithosequence
2.Cimate:biosequence
3.Biota:biosequence
4.Topography:topsequence
5.Time (chronosequence)
-Soil is a dynamicnatural body having properties derived from the combined effects of climate biotic activities, as modified by topog, impacted by par mater over periods of time - 4 Basic proceses of soil formation
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1.Transfomations: phys, or chem modified
2.Translocation:mov't of org and inorg material(salt moving up)
3.Additions:inputs from outside sources(dust deposit)
4.Losses:(cation leaching, clay mov't)