Geography 1011 Final
Terms
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- Weathering
- either disintengrates rock into mineral particles or dissolves into h20
- bedrock
- parent rock from which weathered regolith and soils develop
- physical weathering
- rock is broken down w.o any chemical change
- frost action
- C.W, water freezes, expands 9%, breaks rock apart
- Crystallization
- C.W, dry moisture draws moisture to surface of rocks
- Pressure-release joining
- sheeting, exfoliation
- Chemical Weathering
- act. decompostion of chem change
- Hydrolysis
-
decompostion process that breaks down silicate minerals in rocks
basalt weathers faster than granite - Oxidation
- when metallic elements combine w. oxygen to form oxides, rusting
- Carbonation
- minerals dissolves into solution, carbonic acid is strong enough to react w/many minerals especially limestone.
- eluviation
- process of removal of fine particles and minerals by h20, leaving behind sand, silt
- illuviation
- depositional, redish, organic oxides
- Acid rain
- ph 2.0
- Oxisols
- Tropical soils, most mature, iron, al oxides, leaching soluble minerals. reddish, low in CEC and fertility
- Andisols
- dry regions, pale, light color, salinization, light color, low in humus
- Spodsiols
- cool-humid forests, strongly acidic
- Mollisols
- semi arid, humus rich, base saturation
- Diagnostic Horizon
- soil below surface
- Calcification
-
a process that produces an illuviated accumulation of CaCO3
-Mollisols, Aridsols - Podzolization
-
soil acidification
-Spodosols - Salinization
-
salts in increases POTET
-Arisols - Mass Wasting
- general process involved in mass movements and erosion of landscapes
- Angle of Repose
- angle between 33 and 37 percent
- Debris flow
- 1-10 m/s, can exceed 20 m/s, can travel long distances , low friction