Chem test 3
Terms
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- 3 factors that determine the rate of a reaction
-
1. the presence of a catalyst
2. temperature increase/decrease
3. concentration of reactants - 3 things to shift equilibrium
-
1. change concentrations of product or reactant
2. change temperature
3. change pressure - Why must equations balance?
- to satisfy law of mass and energy
- What is stoichiometry?
- the relationship between mass and moles
- What is the common lab acid that does not make H2 gas when Mg is added?
- nitric acid
- Differentiate between exo and endo thermic
-
exo gives off heat
endo absorbs heat - coefficients
- indicate how much of a substance is present, helpful when figuring out ratios of substances in an equation
- subscripts
- indicate the number of atoms present in a substance
- reactants
- are on left of an equation; react to form products
- neutralization
- when the acid and base concentration are equal
- end point of reaction
- when H's equal OH's
- amphoteric
- behaves as an acid or base such as water or baking soda
- 5 strong acids
- HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4
- 5 strong bases
- NaOH, KOH, CSOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2
- Why is rainfall acidic?
- because of the CO2 in the atmosphere and other pollutants in the air such as sulfur
- List any two buffer systems that help maintain proper PH of blood.
- carbonic, phosphoric
- acid + base =
- salt + water
- Na + HOH =
- H2 + 2NaOH
- List the name of any indicator you have used
- phenolphalein
- You drop unheated marble chip into water and phenolphalein and nothing happens. You drop heated marble chip (CaCO3) into water with phenolphalein and it turns water pink. Why?
- the heated chip gives off CO2 gas and leaves a CaO substance in the water which is a base. the presence of the base in the phenolphalein turns it pink.
- What types of compounds make good electrolytes?
-
strong acids or bases
soluble salts - T or F An example of a buffer system is sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate.
- False
- List any 3 rules for balancing equations
-
-know correct formula
-radicals stay together
-find charge/ criss cross to get coefficient - metal oxide + HOH makes
- base
- non metal oxide + HOH makes
- acid
- carbonates or bicarbonates give off ____ gas
- CO2
- T or F Any good antacid removes all the acid from the stomach
- False
- What is Avogadro's number? Why is it important?
- 6.023x10^23 it is used to convert moles to molecules
- Why is baking soda used for first aid spills on your skin, regardless of whether you spilled acid or base?
- it is amphoteric so it will counter the effects of whatever spilled on the skin
- Why is it important not to change subscripts when balancing equations?
- theres only 1 right formula to complete the equation
- T or F enzymes are catalysts
- True
- What is the Haber Process?
- N + HOH ---> NH3