Chem. notes 1 and 2
Terms
undefined, object
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- The Scientific Method-
- systematic approach to research (ovservation-representation-interpretation)
- Hypothesis-
- a tentative explanation for a set of observations
- Law-
- a consice statement of a realtionship between phenomena that is always the same under all conditions
- Chemistry-
- the study of matter and the changes it undergoes
- Matter-
- anything that occupies space and has mass
- Substance-
- form of matter that has definite composition and distince properties
- Mixture-
- combination of 2 or more substances in which the substances reatain their distinct identities
- Homogenous Mixture-
- Composition of the mixture is same throughout
- Heterogenous Mixture-
- Composition is not uniform throughout
- Physical Means-
- can be used to separate a mixture into its components (distillation)
- Element-
-
a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by shemical means
-113 - Compound-
- a substance composed of atoms of 2 or more differentslements chemically united in fixed proportions
- Physical Change-
- does not alter the comp. of a substance
- Chemical Change-
- alters the composition or identity of a substance (hydrogen burns in air to form water)
- Extensive Property-
-
Material depends on how much matter is being considered
-mass, length, volume - Intensive Propery-
-
Material does not depend on how much matter is being considered
-color, density, temp. - Mass-
- measure of the quantity of mass
-
What is the SI unit of mass?
(formula) -
Kilogram
1 Kg = 1000g =1 x 10^3g - Weight-
- force that gravity exerts on an object (depends on gravity)
-
Name of unit and Symbol for each:
Length- -
meter
m - Mass
-
kilogram
kg - Time
-
second
s - Electrical Current
-
ampere
A - Temperature
-
kelvin
K - amount of substance
-
mole
mol - Luminous intensity
-
candela
cd -
Symbol and meaning for the following (prifixes used with SI units)
Tera- -
T
1000000000000 or 10^12 - Giga-
-
G
1000000000 or 10^9 - Mega-
-
M
1000000 or 10 ^6 - Kilo-
-
k
1000 or 10^3 - Deci-
-
d
1/10 or 10 ^-1 - Centi
-
c
1/100 or 10^-2 - Milli
-
m
1/1000 or 10^-3 - Micro
-
(u)
1/1000000 or 10^-6 - Nano
-
n
1/1000000000 or 10 ^-9 - Pico
-
p
1/1000000000000 or 10^-12 - Volume-
- SI derived unit for volume is cubic meter (m^3)
- Density-
-
mass
_____
volume -
Give symbol for each element:
Aluminum - Al
- Arsenic
- As
- Barium
- Ba
- Bismuth
- Bi
- Bromine
- Br
- Calcium
- Ca
- Carbon
- C
- Chlorine
- Cl
- Chromuim
- Cr
- Cobalt
- Co
- Copper
- Cu
- Fluorine
- F
- Gold
- Au
- Hydrogen
- H
- Iodine
- I
- Iron
- Fe
- Lead
- Pb
- Magnesium
- Mg
- Manganese
- Mn
- Mercury
- Hg
- Nickel
- Ni
- Nitrogen
- N
- Oxygen
- O
- Phosphorus
- P
- Platinum
- Pt
- Potassium
- K
- Silicon
- Si
- Silver
- Ag
- Sodium
- Na
- Sulfur
- S
- Tin
- Sn
- Tungsten
- W
- Zinc
- Zn