OGT Flashcards Part I
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- What War took place from 1939-1945?
- World War II
- What caused the Spanish American War?
- The U.S. sought to expand its economic position and influence outside its borders./Sinking of Maine
- What was the Result of The Spanish-American War?
- Cuba became independent/U.S. able to gain favorable trade with Cuban Business/U.S. acquired Puerto Rico/Phillippines/Guam
- What was the Industrial Revolution?
- Change from agricultural economy to industrial economy.
- What caused the Industrial Revolution?
- Discoveries in science/improvement in technology/new inventions
- What were some of the effects of the Industrial Revolution?
- People moved to cities to work/population grew/price of goods fell/production and pollution increased/unions
- Why did unions develop?
- to help workers/Union leaders fired/violence used to control workers
- In which decade was World War I fought:
-
a. 1910's b.1920's c.1930's
d.1940's - What are four causes of World War II ?(Explain them)
-
Nationalism Imperialsim
Militarism system of alliances - When did the U.S. enter World War II?
- 1917
- Soldiers dug trenches in World War I and stayed there for months-Why did many die?
- Machine guns/disease/poison gas/airplanes
- League of Nations
- An international organization formed to allow nations to discuss problems and prevent war;U.S. not member
- What was the Russian Revolution?
- The Communist takeover of the government in Russia
- How did the Russian Revolution impact World War I?
- Russia withdrew from the fighting of WWI/weakened allies but U.S. joined in and war was won.
- Great Depression
- A worldwide economic crisis,1929-1940/stock maarket crashed, banks failed,millions out of work
- Dust Bowl
-
A drought and overfarming caused a large area of the central U.S. to turn to dust. Many resident fled west
(Calilfornia) - New Deal
- President Roosevelt's plan for relief, recovery, and reform during the Great Depression.
- How did New Deal change the relationship between government and business?
- For first time U.S. government became involved in many aspects of business by regulating business activities.
- In which decade was mot of World War II fought?
- a. 1910's b. 1920's c.1930's d. 1940's
- What were four causes of World War II ? Explain
- Aggression Expansion Appeasement Revenge
-
What events prompted the U.S. to enter World War II?
What was the date - Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941
- What were the Results of WWII?
- 55 million killed/European nations and Japan millions in damage/Germany and Japan defeated/U.S rebuilt Germany and Europe with Marshall Plan/ Under MacArthur rebuilt Japan/U.N. formed/Israel formed
- Korean War
- fought in the 1950's by U.S. to contain communism
- Vietnam War
- fought in the 1960's and 1970's by the U.s. to contain Communism
- Cold War
- Time of political tension/military rivalry between U.s. and USSR following WWII 1945-1989
- Role of U.S. since cold War ended in 1989
- world's only superpower
- Ideas from Enlightenment help form basis of U.S. government?
- Idea of natural, inalienable rights (life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness)/Individualism/Rebellion is justified if ruler has no consent of the people
- Was American Revolution the only independence movement that resulted from the enlightement?
- No. French Revolution and revolutions in Latin America also were based on same ideas.
- Democracy
- A system of government where people rule directly or indirectly
- Parliamentary democracy
- A system of government in which executive and legislative functions, are carried out through an elected group of representatives
- In which decade was most of World War II fought?
- a. 1910's b. 1920's c.1930's d. 1940's
- Presidential Democracy
- A system of government in which an elected individual oversees executive functions;legislative functions are carried out through an elected group of representatives
- Monarchy
- A system of government in which of the ruler is determined by birth;the ruler remains in office for live
- Constitutional Monarchy
- A system of government in which powers of the monarch are limited to those permitted under the laws of the nation
- Absolute Monarchy
- A system of government in which one hereditary ruler controls all governmental powers
- Theocracy
- A system of government headed by a religious leader who leads the citizens according to the beliefs on one religion
- What principles of U.S. government prevent a theocracy in this nation?
- One basis is separation of church and state/religious freedom guaranteed to citizens in the First Amendment also prevents a theocracy in the U.S. Tolerance of religions is key characteristic of the U.S.
- Dictatorship
- A system of government in which one strong ruler controls all governmental powers; dictators often gain control following military victories
- Compare/Contrast a dictator and absolute monarch
- Both exercise total control over their nations/dictators take control by force monarchs when they replace a parent or other family member as ruler
- How did 19th Amendment affect women?
- Gave women the right to vote
- What economic and legal issues were stressed by women in the second half of the twentieth century?
- Women stressed equal pay for equal work/right to control family size through birth control and abortion/worked for laws that restricted property right for women
- What was the role of NOW and similar organizations?
- Allowed women to work together to achieve common goals
- Jim Crow Laws
- required legal segregation of races
- Discrimination
- Unfair treatment of a person or group based on prejudice
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- Supreme Court decision (1896) which ruled that separate accommodations for African-Americans were legal if they were equal