AP English Exam Vocabulary

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Abstract: adj. not associated with a specific instance, difficult to understand.
n. something not knowable through the five senses
v. remove, separate
Acerbic: adj. acid in temper, mood, or tone
Allusions: n. an implied or indirect reference
Allusive: adj. alluding or hinting at
Ambivalence: n. simultaneous and contradictory attitudes toward a person, object, or action, uncertain as to which approach to follow.
Ambivalent: adj. uncertain of which approach to follow
Analogy: n. inference that if 2 or more things agree with one another in some respects they will probably agree in others, resemblance between things otherwise unalike,
Analytical: adj. being a proposition (as "no bachelor is married") whose truth is evident from the meaning of the words it contains, characterized by analysis rather than inflection.
Anecdote: n. a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident
Antithesis: n. the rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences (as in "action, not words" or "they promised freedom and provided slavery"), direct opposite
Apathy: n. lack of feeling or emotion, lack of interest or concern
Apology: n. an admission of error or discourtesy accompanied by an expression of regret, a poor substitute
Appeal: n. the power of arousing a sympathetic response
v. accuse, to arouse a sympathetic response
Argument: n. an abstract or summary, discourse intended to persuade, the subject matter.
Argumentative apologist: n. speaks or writes in defense of someone or something.
Bemused: v. to confuse, to occupy the attention of
Cadence: n. a rhythmic sequence or flow of sounds in language
Capricious: adj. impulsive, unpredictable
Causal relationship: n. relationship in which one thing relates to or is the cause of the other
Churlish: adj. marked by a lack of civility or graciousness, difficult to work with or deal with
Circumlocutions: n. excessive use of words
Clause: separate part of a document, part of a sentence with a subject and a predicate; independent: neither deducible from nor incompatible with another statement. subordinate: functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
Colloqiual: adj. of or relating to conversation, used in informal conversation.
Complex sentence: n. consisting of a main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
Compound sentence: n. having two or more main clauses.
Conciliatory: adj. agreeable, compatible, mollifying
Concrete diction: n. naming a real thing that can be seen, touched, smelled, or tasted.
Condescending: adj. patronizing, assuming superiority
Contemplative: adj. considerate with attention, views or considers thoughtfully
Contradiction: n. implies both the truth and falsity of something, contrary of
Dialect: n. variety of language confined to a region or group, manner or means of expressing oneself
Diction: n. verbal description, choice of words especially with regard to correctness, clearness, or effectiveness
Double Entendre: n. a word or expression capable of two interpretations with one usually risqué
Eccentricity: n. deviation from an established pattern or norm, odd or whimsical behavior
Effusive: adj. excessively demonstrative
Epithets: n. a characterizing word or phrase accompanying or occurring in place of the name of a person or thing, often abusive
Euphemism: n. substitution of a pleasant expression for an unpleasant or offensive one
Evocation: n. summoning, imaginative recreation, bringing to mind, cause thought.
Exemplify: v. serve as an example of, to be typical of
Fable: n. fictitious story that teaches a lesson
v. to talk or write about as if true
Feigned: adj. fictitious, not genuine or real
Glib: adj. speaking or spoken with ease and informality, showing little forethought or preparation, can be to the point of insincere and deceitful
Grammar: n. study of words and their functions in relations to sentences
Implied: adj. expressed indirectly, contained potentially, indicated by inference, association, or consequence rather than directly stated
Importune: adj. troublesomely persistent or urgent
v. to press or urge with troublesome persistence, beg for urgently
Inexorably: adv. unyielding or relentlessly, not to be persuaded or moved by entreaty
Inferred: v. derive as a conclusion from facts or premises, pointed out, suggest, hint
Irate: adj. arising from anger
Irony: n. the use of words to express something other than and especially the opposite of the literal meaning, incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the normal or expected result, incongruity between a situation developed in a drama and the accompanying words or actions that is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play
Judicious: adj. having, exercising, or characterized by sound judgement.
Loose sentence: n. the principal clause comes first and subordinate modifiers or trailing elements follow
Lyrical: adj. expressing direct personal emotion
Metaphor: n. a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them
Nostalgia: n. state of being homesick, a wistful or excessively sentimental yearning for return to or of some past period or irrecoverable condition
Objectivity: n. existing outside an individual's thoughts or feelings, expressing or dealing with facts or conditions as perceived without distortion by personal feelings, prejudices, or interpretations; relating to, characteristic of, or constituting the case of words that follow prepositions or transitive verbs
Onomatopoeia: n. the naming of a thing or action by a vocal imitation of the sound associated with it, the use of words whose sound suggests the sense
Paradox: n. a statement that seems contrary to common sense yet is perhaps true, self-contradictory statement that at first seems true
Parallel structure: n. having identical syntactical elements in corresponding positions, the use of equivalent grammatical forms or matching sentence structures to express equivalent ideas and develop coherence
Parallel syntax: n. words are put together in a parallel form
Pedantic: adj. unimaginative, narrowly, stodgily, and often ostentatiously learned
Periodic sentence: n. a usually complex sentence that has no subordinate or trailing elements following its principal clause (as in "yesterday while I was walking down the street, I saw him")
Poignant: adj. pungently pervasivepainfully affecting the feelings, deeply affecting, designed to make an impression
Preceding: adj. that immediately precedes in time or place
Pretentious: adj. making usually unjustified or excessive claims; expressive of affected, unwarranted, or exaggerated importance, worth, or stature; making demands on one's skill, ability, or means
Qualify: v. to reduce from a general to a particular or restricted form, moderate, certify
Remorse: n. a gnawing distress arising from a sense of guilt for past wrongs, compassion
Rhetorical function: n. function used to speak or write effectively
Self-deprecating: adj. expressing disapproval of oneself, belittling oneself
Slang: n. language peculair to a particular group
Slipshod: adj. careless, thrown together
Strident: adj. loud and harsh
Structure: n. arranged in a definite pattern of organization,
Superficial: adj. relating to what is only apparent, presenting only an appearance without substance or significance
Syntax: n. The way words are put together
Terse: adj. smoothly elegant, concise
Theme: n. main idea, subject matter, specific concern
Thesis: n. proposition to be argued for
Tone: n. manner of speaking that expresses a manner or attitude
Unaffected expression: n. common speech
Understatement: n. represented as less than is the case, stated or presented with restraint especially for effect

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