Pharm Comprehensive 06
Terms
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What does DUMBELS stand for??
Insecticides and Humanicides -
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchorrhea
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation
Lacrimation
Salivation - What are the antidotes to Insecticides and Humanicides?
-
Atropine
Pralidoxime (Prorpam, 2-PAM) - What is the DOC for Pagets?
- Bisphosphanates
- What is the prevention for osteoporosis due to long term steroid use?
- Bisphosphanates
- What drug has a analgesic effect for bone pain?
- Micalcin
- What is the TOC for the prevention of rapid bone loss in early menopause?
- HRT with estrogen/progesterone
- The depolarizing drug used for the reversal of the NM blockade in surgery is
- Succs
- The Non-depolarizing drugs used for the reversal of the NM blockade in surgery are...
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Curare
Atracurium
Pipecuronium
Pancuronium
Vecuronium - The Anticholinesterase drugs used for the reversal of the NM blockade in surgery are...
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Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
Edrophonium (Tensilon) - What is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that does not stimulate the estrogen receptors in endometrial or breast tissue and therefore does not increase the risk of CA?
- Evista
- T/F: Full and partial opioid agonists should be combined.
- False
- T/F: Opioid effects can place pts into respiratory failure.
- True
- T/F: Naltrexones lasts a lot longer than Naloxone.
- True
- T/F: All oral contraceptives supress ovulation by feedback inhibition which decreases secretion of FSH and LH.
- True
- What is a parkinson's drug that is now used for Restless Leg Syndrome?
- Requip (ropinirole)
- What drugs, used for BPH and HTN, can theoretically permit dilation of nasal arterioles and thereby cause nasal congestion as a SE.
- alpha-blockers (terazosin)
- T/F: alpha 1 blockers can cross react with some beta-1 receptors and cause your heart to do the M.C. Hammer.
-
False.
They cause your heart to do the Funky Chicken. - DOC for MRSA?
- Vancomycin
- DOC for C.diff?
- Vancomycin
- DOC for Otitis Media
- Amoxicillin
- DOC for Sinusitis
- Amoxicillin
- DOC for Pneumonia
- Amoxicillin
- DOC for PCP
- TMP/SMX
- DOC for VRE
- Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
- DOC for Legionaire's
- E-mycin (philly= east side)
- DOC for severe anaerobic Gi infx
- Clinamycin
- DOC for Acne
- Tet/Doxycycline
- DOC for Lyme
- Doxycyline
- DOC for Chlamydia
- Tet and Doxy
- DOC for Systemic Fungal Infx
- Amphoteracin B
- DOC for ORal Thrush
- Nystatin
- DOC for Vaginal Candidiasis
- Miconazole
- DOC for toe fungus
- Terbinafine
- DOC for Protozoans
- Metronidazole
- DOC for Scabies and LIce
- Lindane
- DOC for Pinworms
- Mebendazole
- DOC for Roundworms
- Mebendazole
- DOC for Pseudomonas
- Ticarcillin
- DOC for Mycoplasma and CAP
- Macrolides (-mycins)
- Used to tx anaerobes
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Metronidazole
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin - Used to tx TB
-
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Rifabutin
Pyrizinamide
Streptomycin
Capreomycin
para-aminosalcylic acid
Ethambutol
Cycloserine - AE for Vancomycin
-
Thrombophlebitis
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Red Man Syndrome - Tx for Gram neg and pos and Beta Lactamase producing bacteria...
- Amoxicillin + Clavulanate= Augmentin
- SE of Augmentin
- diarrhea
- AE of Metronidazole
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disulfiram rxn c/ EtOH
CNS disturbances
Nausea
Anorexia
Bloating
Cramping - Good for atypical bacteria
- E-Mycin
- SE of Clindamycin
- C.diff
- Pharmacodynamics of Tet and Doxy
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Strong chelator, don't give wiht milk, antacid, Ca or Fe.
No CSF penetration
Concentrated in the Liverd
Excreted in feces and urine - Tx for Allergic Rhinitis
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Antihistamines
Decongestants
Intranasal corticosteroids - SE of Antihistamines
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CNS
Anticholinergic - 1st generation Antihistamines
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Diphenhydramine
Hydroxyzine
Pheniramine
Clemastine
Cyproheptadine
Promethazine
Tripelennamine - 2nd generation Antihistamines
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Ceirizine
Fexofenadine
Loratadine
Acrivastine
Desloratidine - Nasal Antihistamines
- Azelastine
- Oral Decongestants
- pseudophedrine
- Topical Decongestants
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Naphazoline
Phenylephrine
Oxymetazoline
Oxymetazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
Xylometazoline - Tx for Atopic Dermatitis
-
Steroids:
Aclovate
Elidel - What drug is most effective for all sx of Allergic Rhinitis?
- Intranasal Corticosteroids
- Tx for vaginal cadidiasis
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Gynelotrimin
Diflucan - Intranasal Corticosteroids
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Beconase
Vancenase
Rinocort
Nasalide
Flonase
Nasacort
Nasonex - Tx for Acne rosacea
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Metrogel
Clindagel - Tx for Genital Herpes
- Valtrex
- Tx for Herpes Labialis
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Abreva
Valtrex - Tx Herpes Neuralgia
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Zostrix
Elavil
Neurontin - Tx for UA
-
ASA
Clopidogrel
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa RB
LMWH
ACEi - CI for UA
- Thrombolytics
- G IIb/IIIa RB
-
Abciximab (Reopro)
Tirofiban (aggrastat)
Eptifibaide (Integrilin) - Rx that prevent worsening of cardiac remodeling
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ACEi
ARBs - Tx for Heart Failure
-
ACEi
ARBs
BB
CCB
Aldosterone Antogonists
Digoxin
Diureticsa - Aldosterone Antagonists
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Spironolactone
Hydralazine & Isosorbide Dinitrate - Thiazide Diuretics
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HTCZ
Chlorothiazide
Metolazone - Loop Diuretics
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Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide - CCB
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Verapamil
Dilitiazem
Amiodipine - Herbal Immune booster
- Echinacea
- Herbal tx for migraines
- feverfew
- herbal mood elevator
- ginseng
- herbal tx for mod to severe depression
- St.John's Wart
- herbal weight loss
- ephedra
- herbal for menopause
- Black Cohash
- Tx algorithm for HTN
- nonpharm--> thiazide--> ACEi, ARB, BB, CCB--> 2 drug combo
- Alpha 1 Blockers
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Doxazosin
Terazosin
Prazosin - HTN rx for pregnancy
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Atenolol
Metoprolol
Labetolol - Useful COmbos
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BB+ diuretic
ACEi+ diuretic
ARBs+ diurectic
CCB + ACEi - HTN med used as migraine prophylaxis
- Dihydropyridine
- Non Cardioselective BB
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Carteolol
Carvedilol
Propanolol - Hypertensive Emergency
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Nitroprusside
Nicardipine
Labetolol
NTG
hydralazine - Low renin levels
-
Elderly Pt
AA Pts
Use CCB and diuretics - High Renin Levels
-
caucasians
use BB and ACEi - HTN rx that is CI in Renal Artery Stenosis?
- ARBs and ACEi
- Alpha 1 Blocker use
- pts with BPH, hyperlipidemia and improves lipid profile
- ACEi and ARBs SE
-
cough
angioedema
renal - Dihydropyridine use
- diastolic dysfxn and migraine
- CCB CI
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AV block s/ pacemaker
bradycardia
systolic HF - Nondihydropyridine
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Verapamil
Diltiazem - Dihydropyridine
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Amlodipine
Felodipine
Isradipine
Nifedipine
Nisoldipine - Central Adrenergic Inhibitors
-
not 1st line for HTN
Clonidine
Methyldopa
Guanfacine
Guanabenz - What is the DOC for HTN in pregnancy?
- Methyldopa
- Direct Vasodilators
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Hydralazine
Minoxidil - Direct Vasodilators SE
-
lupus like syndrome
hair growth
reflex tachycardia - Tx for Stable ANgina
-
Nitrates
Beta Adrenergic blocking agents
CCB
Antiplatelets - Nitrates
-
NTG
Isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide mononitrate - recommended to prevent unstable angina, MI and death??
- ASA
- used in all pts with ischemic heart disease?
- ASA
- CI with use of VIagra?
- Nitrates
- 1st line agent for stable angina in the absence of CI?
- Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
- Selective Beta Adrenergic blocking agents
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Atenolol
Metoprolol
Acebutalol
Betaxolol
Bisprolol - Non-selective Beta Adrenergic blocking agents
-
Nadolol
Propanolol
Timolol
Pinolol
Labetolol
Carvedilol - Cardioselectivity
- B1>b2
- 1st line tx for Prinzmetal's Angina?
- CCB
- Thienopyridines
-
Clopidogrel
Ticlopidine - Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
- Ezetimibe (Zetia)
- Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors CI
- Active liver disease
- Bile Acid Resin
-
Cholestyramine (Questran, Prevalite)
Colestipol (Colestid)
Colesevelam (WelChol) - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
-
Lovastatin
Simvastatin
Pravastatin
Fluvastatin
Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin
Cervivastatin - Fibric Acid derivatives
-
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
Fenofibrate (Lofibra, TriCor) - Niacin
-
Niacor
Slo-Niacin
Niaspan - SE of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
-
Myalgias
Rhabdomyolysis
Myopathy
inc'd Liver Enzymes - HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors CI
- Liver Disease
- CI of Bile Acid Resins
- High TG
- Niacin CI
-
liver dz
severe gout
hyperuricemia - Quick relief of Asthma and COPD
-
B2 agonists
Anticholinergics - Quick acting B2 agonists
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Albuterol
Pirbuterol
Levalbuterol - Corticosteroids for Asthma and COPD
-
Beclomthasone
Budesonide
Flunisolide
Flunisolide
Fluticasone
Triaminolone - Long acting B2 agonists
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Salmeterol
Formoterol - Mast Cell Stabilizers
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Cromolyn
Nedocromil - Leukotriene modifiers
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Zafirlukast
Montelukast - Anti-IgE Ab for Asthma and COPD
- Omalizumab
- Anticholinergic agent for Asthma and COPD
- Ipratropium
- Long Term Control of Asthma and COPD
-
Corticosteroids
Long term B2 agonists
Mast cell stabvilizer
Leukotriene modifiers
Theopjhylline
Anti-IgE Ab - DM 2 tx for the obese pt...
- Metformin
- SE of Sulfonylureas
-
Hypoglycemia
photosensitivity
GI distress
disulfiram rxn - DM2 and HTN TOC
- ACEi
- DM2 and Dyslipidemia
- Statins
- DM2 and heart problems
- ASA
- 2nd generations sulfonylurea
-
Glimeperide
Glipizide
Glyburide - 1st generations Sulfonylueas
-
Acetohexamide
Chlorpropamide
Tolazamide
Tolbutamide - DM2 rx CI in pregnancy
- Sulfonylurea
- These DM2 rx DO NOT CAUSE HYPOGLYCEMIA as a monotherapy...
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Metformin
Thiazolidinedones
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
-
Troglitazone
Pioglitazone
Rosiglitazone - Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
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Acorbose
Miglitol - Meglitinides
-
Repaglinide
Netaglinide - Targets postprandial hyperglycemia
- Pramlintide
- Vitamin D Analogs
-
Calcitrol
Doxercelciferol
Dihydrotachysterol
Paricacitol - SE of high Ca intake
-
dyspepsia
constipation
risk of nephrolithiasis - Ca Carbonate Preps
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Alka Mints
Caltrate
Oyster shell Ca
Oscal
Tums
Viactive - Bone Mineral Homeostasis Tx
-
Vit D analogs
Calcium preps
Calcium Citrate Preps - Calcium Citrate Preps
- Citracal
- Ca Phosphate preps
- Posture
- Tx of Osteoporosis
-
Estrogen
Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin
Selective estrogen receptor modulators
PTH
Fluoride
Calcitrol - Estrogen
-
Ethinyl estradiol
Estrone
Esterified estrogen - Bisphosphanates
-
Etidronate
Clodronate
Tiludronate
Pamidronate
ALendronate
Risedronate - SERM
-
Evista
Tamoxifen - Thioamides
-
Propylthiouracil
Methimazole - Thioamides Toxicity
- MP rash c/ fever
- Thyroid products
-
Liothyronine
Liotrix
Levothyroxine - Tx for Hyperthyroid
- Thiamides
- PPIs
-
Prevacid
Prilosec
Nexium
Aciphex
Protonix - H2 Blockers
-
Cimentidine (Tagamet)
Nizatidine (Axid)
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Famotidine (Pepcid) - Protect esophgeal mucosa
-
Alginic acid
Sucralfate - Prokinetic agents
-
Bethanechol Chloride
Metoclopramide
Cisapride
Macrolides - IBS Constipation Tx
-
Fiber
Stool Softenedr
Psyllium
Tegraserod (Zelnorm) - IBS Diarrhea Tx
-
Eliminate Sorbitol and lactose
Cholestyramine if bile malabsorption is present
Loperamide
Alosetron (lotronex) - Encephalopathy Tx
- Kristalose (lactulose)
- IBD Tx
- Mesalamine
- Mesalamine
-
Rowasa
Asacol
Pentasa - Pain Management Adjuvants
-
TCAs
SSNRIs
Antoconvulsants - TCAs
-
Amitripyline
Nortripyline
Imipraline
Desipramine
Clomipramine
Doxepin - SSNRIs
- Cymbalta
- Tx for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
-
Cymbalta
Lyrica (Pregabalin) - Tx for Post Herpetic Neuralgia
- Lyrica (Pregabalin)
- Anticonvulsants
-
Carbamezapine (Tegretol)
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Oxcarbazepine
Torpiramate - Weak Opioid Agonists
-
Ultram (tramadol)
Codeine (tylenol #3)
Hydrocodone (Lorcet, Vicodin, Vicoprofen, Norco) - Strong Opioid Agonists
-
Morphine
Oxycodone (Oxycotin)
HYdromorphone (Pallidone)
Fentanyl
Methadone - Smoking Cessation Non-Nicotine Therapy
-
Buproprion (Zyban)
TCAs
Behavioral Modification - Most popular dose of estrogen in OCP
- 35mg or less of ethinyl estradiol
- Starting dose of ethinyl estradiol
- less than 50mcg initally
- Emergency Contraception
-
Yuzpe Investigation
up to 72 hrs post unprotected sex
Use Meclizine or diphenhydramine to prevent nausea - SE of OCP
-
Nausea
Breat tenderness
thromboembolic effects - What is a potent anti-progesterone?
-
Mifepristone aka the abortion pill
single dose of 600mg c/in 72 hrs of UPsex - Anti-Anxiety Therapy
-
Benzos
Buspirone
SSRI
SNRI - Benzos antidote
- FLumazenil
- Buspirone
-
lacks abuse potential
no cognitive and resp depressant effects
start buspirone weeks before benzos - Benzos uses
-
really effective for anxiety
GAD
PTSD
OCD - Insomnia Therapy
-
Antihistamine
L-Tryptopham
Valerian
Melatonin
EtOH - Antihistamine
-
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine (Unisom) - Benzos
-
Flurazepam
Temazepam
Estazolam
Triazolam - Non-benzo insomnia therapy
-
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Eszopiclone (Lunesta) - Melatonin-Receptor Agonist
- Ramelteon (Rozerem)
- How long should sleep aids be used?
-
Short term use
3-5x/week
except for lunesta - Seratonin Syndrome
-
agitation
diaphoresis
diarrhea
fever
hyperreflexia
incoordination
mental status changes
myoclonus
shivering
tremor - Seratonin Syndrome causes
-
Meperidine
St Johns Wart
Cold remedies
diet pills with dextromethrophan
sympathomimetics - What is the most effective tx for major depression?
- ECT
- TOC for Acute suicidality
- ECT
- Depression Rx
-
MAOi
TCA
Dibenzoxapine
Tetracyclic
Triazolopyridine
Monocyclic Aminoketone
SSRI
SSNRI - Which depression rx have anticholinergic SE?
- TCA
- TCA
-
Amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep)
Nortripyline (Pamelor, Aventyl)
Protriptyline (Vivactil)
Imipramine (Toranil)
Trimipramine (Surmontil)
Desipramine (Norpramin, Pertofrane)
Doxepin (Sinequan, Adapin) - Dibenzoxazepine
- Amoxapine (Asendin)
- Tetracyclic
-
Maprotiline (Ludiomil)
Mirtazapine (Remeron) - Triazolopyridine
-
Trazodone (Desyrel)
Nefazodone (Serzone) - Monocyclic Aminoketone
- Buproprion (Wellbutrin)
- SSRI
-
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
Citalopram (Celexa)
Escitalopram (Lexapro) - SSNRI
-
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta) - DOC for Bipolar disorder
- Sodium Valproate (depakote)
- Bipolar disporder Tx
-
LIthium
Tegretol
Depakote
Lamictal
Topamax
Neurontin
Zyprexa - Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
-
Non- Ergotamine Dopamine Agonists
-Pramipexole (Mirapex)
-Ropinirole (requip) - Tx of Alzheimer's Disease
-
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
-Tacrine (Cognex)
-Donepezil (Aricept)
-Rivastigmine (Exelon)
-Gelantamine (Reminyl) - Decogestants
-
Phenylephrine
Ephedrine
oxymetazoline - Anaphylactic Shock Tx
-
EPI and Antihistamine (Benadryl)
Steroid (Methylprednisone) - Premature Labor Tx
-
Ritodrine and Terbutaline
Relax the uterus - Tx fro overactive Bladder
-
Oxybutynin
Tolterodine
Trospium
Darifenacin
Ditropan
Detrol LA
Sanctura
Enablex - Muscle Relaxers
-
Valium (Diazepam)
Lioresal (Baclofen)
Zanaflex (Tizanidine)
Dantium (Dantrolene) - Which muscle relaxer inhibits the excitation-contraction coupling?
- Dantrolene
- TOC for Status Epilepticus
- Valium (Diazepam)
- Decreases EtOH cravings?
- Lioresal (Baclofen)
- Tx for Glaucoma
-
Cholinomimetics
-pilocarpine
-carbachol
-physostigmine - Drug that is used to Dx Myasthenia Gravis?
- Edrophonium (Tensilon)
- used to tx B fragilis and staph
- Clindamycin