Exam 1 review Hanks
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- The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of
- protons only
- The difference between one element and another lies in the :
- number of protons
- The enzyme catalyzed fission of a disaccharide by a molecule of water, in which there is a yield of two monosaccharides, is called:
- hydrolysis
- Because they are nonpolar, oil molecules cluster together in drops, keeping water outside. The oil is said to be
- hydrophobic
- Because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the water molecule is
- polar
- Each water molecule will be hydrogen bonded to the maximum number of water molecules when the water is:
- in a regular crystalline structure
- A radioactive isotope of carbon is:
- carbon -14
- Calcium atoms lose 2 electrons from their outermost energy level an thus leave 8 electrons in the level just inside the outermost energy level. A typical calcium ion, then, would be
- Ca++
- Which of the following is a correct formula for propane?
- C3H8
- Sucrose molecules are formed by the condensation of which mono saccharides?
- fructose & glucose
- Compared with the mass of a proton, an electron has
- almost no mass
- The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree C is its
- specific heat
- A general formula for mono saccharides is (CH2O)n, where n is anywhere in the range
- 3-8, & 2-6
- which type of lipid is the most abundant component of biological membranes?
- phospholipids
- The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?
- Hydrogen bond
- Which liquids does not have a measurable pH?
- cooking oil
- Eukaroytic organisms are defined in part as those whose cells
- contain a nuclear membrane
- A solution with a pH of 3 has how many more H+ than a solution with a pH of 6?
- 1000 times more
- A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominate functional group. What is true about this compound?
- It should dissolve in water.
- Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?
- a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond
- A solution with the pH= 13.7 would have a pOH=
- 0.3
- A fatty acid is a hydrocarbon chain which contains a terminal _________ functional group
- carboxyl
- The Earth is now estimated to be about
- 4.5 billion years old
- How many additional electrons would be required for sulphur (S) to have a filled valence shell?
- 2
- In the crystal matrix of ordinary salt, the sodium and chlorine atoms are held together by
- ionic bonds
- When you wash dishes, drops of water cling to the surface of a glass. This phenomenon is an example of
- gravity
- Am example of a protein whose function is structural is
- hemoglobin
- A hydrocarbon consists only of
- carbon & hyrdogen
- 4 major classes of of organic molecules in living tissue does not include
- water
- Particularly in plants, sugar is transported in the form of a
- disaccharide
- Insect blood sugar is
- trehalose
- 3 fatty acids bonded together with a glycerol form
- a fat or an oil
- The hereditary material of living things consists of a coded sequence of subunits in
- DNA
- The number of different kinds of naturally occurring amino acids in proteins is
- 20
- Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called
- amino acids
- With the exception of chemical processes in the stomach, almost all other chemical reactions in living systems take in which pH range?
- 6 to 8
- When placed in water, NaOH is
- a strong base
- Any substance that causes an increase in the relative concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is know as a
- base
- Herpetology, a sub-discipline of biology, is the study of
- reptiles & amphibians
- What are gene products
- sugars, fats, oils, & starches
- Which functional group confers the properties of a weak acid to the molecule of which it is a part?
- carboxyl
- What are the most common 6 kinds of atoms involved in the composition of living tissues?
- oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.
- No orbital can contain more than
- 2 electrons
- Water is extremly important in living thins of all of the
- ............
- common isotope of hydrogen has
- one electron, one proton, and no neutrons
- If 2 atoms share a pair of electrons, they are held together by
- a covalent or polar covalent bond
- Because they contain a predominance of nonpolar C-H bonds, fat molecules
- are hydrophobically excluded by water
- Molecules of protein
- hemoglobin, antibodies, keratin, & enzymes
- Aquatic organisms have an environment that has less temperature fluctuations than that of land-dwelling organisms due to water's high
- specific heat
- The earliest life forms to have appeared on the planet are included in the kingdom
- bacteria/pro.
- True of bonds in water molecules
- Shared electrons spend most of their time around the oxygen atom
- Electrophoresis reveals that a certain protein yields one band for some individuals, and 4 bands for other individuals. The _________ structure of this protein must be _________.
- quaternary; trimeric
- The Bohr model of atomic structure emphasizes that
- electrons of different energies are found at different distances from the atomic nucleus
- Imagine that you discover an organism whose multicellular body is composed of eukaryotic cells surrounded by chitinous cell walls. This organism lacks chlorophyll ( does not photosynthesize), and grows on the decaying remains of other organisms. Which kingdom does it belong to?
- Fungi
- The minimal unit revealing the properties of life is the
- cell
- Amino functional group
- basic, found in amino acids, contain nitrogen, components of urea
- Starch & cellulose
- polymers of glucose
- When released from the pancreas, instructs skeletal muscle cells to hydrolyze glycogen into glucose?
- glucagon
- NONPOLAR
- ..........
- Of the 92 naturally occurring elements, those that occur in living things are mostly
- light, low mass atoms
- Organic compounds
- protein, CaCO3, monosaccharides, RNA
- 2 carbon atoms might be joined to each other by the sharing of 2 pairs of electrons, forming
- a double bond
- A dimer hydrogen gas (H2) has two atoms held together by
- a covalent bond
- 2 neutrons with 1 proton and 1 electron
- H
- isotope commonly used by molecular biologist to label DNA
- 32p
- plasma membrane consists manly of
- phospholipids