Science Midterm Review 4
Terms
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- Wind
- the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
- Importance
- makes conditions on earth suitable for living things
- Evaporation
- the process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor.
- Infrared
- not visible but can be felt as heat, and has longer wavelengths than red light.
- Electromagnetic Waves
- form of energy that can move through the vacuum of space
- Global Convection Currents
- Global convection currents are one of the many forms of convection here on Earth; they are a form of small to high speed winds. These winds can be anything from a few knots to winds in the 80-100 knot range. Natural convection currents cause these winds. These convection currents are caused by a difference in pressure and heat in the tropical and Antarctic/Arctic areas on the ea
- Smog
- (smoke + fog) caused by the burning of fossil fuels.
- Radiation
- is the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
- Sources of Pollution
- some air pollution occurs naturally, but many types of air pollution are the result of human activities.
- Convection
- transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid.
- Pressure
- force pushing on an area or surface
- Precipitation
- any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches earth's surface
- Global Winds
- winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances
- Condensation
- process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid water.
- Coriolis Effect
- the way earths rotations makes winds curve
- Density
- amount of mass in a given volume
- Relative humidity
- percentage of water vapor that is actually in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor that air can hold.
- London Type
- Soot like fog, it is when coal smoke mixes with humid air.
- Aurora Borealis
- "Northern Lights" is caused by particles from the sun that enters the ionosphere near the poles that strike atoms in the ionosphere to make them glow.
- Sea Breeze
- local wind that that blows from an ocean or lake.
- Photochemical
- brown haze type smog is formed by the action of sunlight on pollutants such as hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides.
- Acid Rain
- a more acidic type of rain is formed when nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides combine.
- Land Breeze
- the flow of air from land to a body of water
- Local Winds
- are winds that blow over short distances.
- Conduction
- direct transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another that is touching
- Trade Winds
- blow from the horse latitudes toward the equator
- Wind Chill Factor
- measure of cooling combining temperature and wind speed
- Human Activities
- farming, construction,burning fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, gasoline, and diesel fuel. Examples of the types of pollutants that burn holes in the ozone are: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and sulfur oxides.
- Scattering
- direction of light in all directions
- Ultraviolet
- invisible form of energy with wavelengths that are shorter than violet light.
- Horse latitudes
- are calm areas of falling air
- Natural Activities
- Forest fires, soil erosion, dust storms, and volcano ashes along with poisonous gases.
- Composition of atmosphere
- 78% Atmosphere Other 1% 21% Oxygen
- Visible Light
- includes all of the colors that you see in a rainbow. The human eye can see ones with shorter wavelengths.