The Enlightened Despotism
The enlightenment
Terms
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- Despot of England
- William and Mary, ruled from 1714-17, also the Hanoverians ruled here.
- Despot of France
- Ruled by the Bourbon family, Louis XIV. (was the best ex,) Louis XV ruled from 1715-1774. They were both boy kings. ( the Louis') After him Louis XVI , 1774-1789
- Despot of Austria
- Ruled by the Hapsburges, they also ruled Spain for a while. Maria Terraciaa, ruled from 1740-1780. She was the Empress of Austira.. Like Frederick, she made many education improvements.
- Enlightened Despotism
- A Despot is a person who rules singly (dictator, king) An enlightened despot rules for the people's well being.
- Peter the Great
- Rules up through 1725 (A despot) He attempted to westernize Russia, he expanded their boundaries. (St. Petersburg is named after him). Part of the Romanov familiy
- Depsot of Prussia (Germany)
- Ruled by the Hohenzollerens, had an abosolute monarch he was Frederick the Great. (1740-1786) He was a contemporary of the American revolution. (ruled at the same time) He was great because he improved education & civil service
- Montequieu
- Wrote the Spirit of the Law
- The French Revolution.
- The Declaration of the Rights of Man. Talks about rights for individuals. Liberty Equality and Faternity.
- Secularism
- Meaning getting away from Church rule, no longr the basis of everyone's lives. People are rising financially and the church is no longer dominant. The middle class is rising, they're professionals and support themselves.
- Constitutional Monarchy
- king and queen are limited by a constitution. Most other countries had absolute monarchies, complete and total control to one person. An abosolute monarch does whatever they want. France's Luis XIV was a prime example.
- Rousseau
- believed that people were good and could rule themselves
- Voltaire
- famous for talking about freedom of speech. Said that he may not agree with what you say, but would fight to the death for your right to say it.
- Catherine The Great (Zarina)
- 1762-1796. Considered great because she expnd Russia's boundaries too. Moves it down toward Turkey next to the Black Sea.
- Mercantilism
- a type of capitalism, a connect between the mother country and the colonies. It's about a favorable balance of trade between the mother country and the colonies, England did this the best.