200-300
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- bayonet 202
- -A long steel knife attached to the end of a gun.
- desert 203
- -To leave military duty without intending to return.
- privateer 204
- -A privately owned ship that has government permission during wartime to attack an enemy’s merchant ships.
- guerrilla 207
- -A soldier who weakens the enemy with surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks.
- pacifist 209
- -A person morally opposed to war.
- Battle of Yorktown
- -The last major battle of the Revolutionary War, which resulted in the surrender of British forces in 1781.
- Treaty of Paris of 1783 209 m209
- -The treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirming the independence of the United States and setting the boundaries of the new nation.
- Wilderness Road 221
- -The trail into Kentucky that woodsman Daniel Boone helped to build.
- Articles of Confederation 222
- -A document, adopted by the Continental Congress in 1777 and finally approved by the states in 1781, that outlined the form of government of the new United States.
- Valley Forge 202 m209
- -
- Yorktown m209
- -Virginia village and site of American victory that sealed British defeat in Revolutionary War. (37 N 77 W)
- republicanism 214, 245
- -the belief that government should be based on the consent of the people; people exercise their power by voting for political representatives.
- republic 222
- -A government in which people elect representatives to govern for them.
- New Jersey Plan 231
- -A plan of government proposed at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 that called for a one-house legislature in which each state would have one vote.
- Land Ordinance of 1785 223
- -A law that established a plan for surveying and selling the federally owned lands west of the Appalachian Mountains.
- Northwest Ordinance 223
- -It described how the Northwest Territory was to be governed and set conditions for settlement and settlers’ rights.
- Northwest Territory 223 m226
- -Territory covered by the Land Ordinance of 1785, which included land that formed the states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota.
- Shays's Rebellion 225
- -An uprising of debt ridden Massachusetts farmers in 1787.
- Constitutional Convention 229
- -A meeting held in 1787 to consider changes to the Articles of Confederation; resulted in the drafting of the Constitution.
- checks and balances 246
- -The ability of each branch of government to exercise checks, or controls, over the other branches.
- Virginia Plan 231
- -A plan proposed by Edmund Randolph, a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787, that proposed a government with three branches and a two-house legislature in which representation would be based on a state’s population or wealth.
- Great Compromise 232
- -The Constitutional Convention’s agreement to establish a two-house national legislature, with all states having equal representation in one house and each state having representation based on its population in the other house.
- Three-Fifths Compromise 232
- -The Constitutional Convention’s agreement to count three-fifths of a state’s slaves as population for purposes of representation and taxation.
- separation of powers 246
- -The division of basic government roles into branches.
- Antifederalist 234
- -A person who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
- Federalists 234
- -Supporters of the Constitution.
- individual right 247
- -A personal liberty and privilege guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights.
- federalism 234, 234
- -a system of government where power is shared among the central (or federal) government and the states.
- limited government 247
- The principle that requires all U.S. citizens, including government leaders, to obey the law.
- Federalist Papers 235
- -A series of essays defending and explaining the Constitution.
- Bill of Rights 237
- -The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, added in 1791, and consisting of a formal list of citizens’ rights and freedoms.
- elector 249
- -A voter.
- enumeration 249
- -An official count, such as a census.
- impeachment 249
- -The process of accusing a public official of wrongdoing.
- pro tempore 250
- -Latin phrase meaning “for the time being.â€
- quorum 251
- -the minimum number of members that must be present for official business to take place.
- revenue 252
- -Income a government collects to cover expenses.
- appropriation 253
- -Public funds set aside for a specific purpose.
- felony 253
- -A serious crime.
- indictment 250
- -A written statement issued by a grand jury charging a person with a crime.
- naturalization 253 m270
- -a way to give full citizenship to person born in another country.
- militia 254
- -A force of armed civilians pledged to defend their community during the American Revolution. An emergency military force that is not part of the regular army.
- bill of attainder 255
- -A law that condemns a person without a trial in court.
- ex post facto 255
- -A law that would make an act a criminal offense after it was committed.
- tender 255
- -money
- convene 259
- -To call together.
- affirmation 257
- -A statement declaring that something is true.
- natural-born citizen 257
- -A citizen born in the United States or a commonwealth of the United States or to parents who are U.S. citizens living outside the country.
- misdemeanor 259
- -A violation of the law.
- tribunal 253
- -a court
- appellate 260
- -Having power to review court decisions.
- inferior court 260
- -A court with less authority than the Supreme Court.
- immunity 262
- -Legal protection.
- suffrage 262 m444
- -
- ratification 264
- -Official approval.
- unanimous consent 264
- -Complete agreement.
- compulsory process 267
- -A required procedure.
- due process of law 267
- -Fair treatment under the law.
- quarter 267
- -
- bail 268
- -Money paid as security by arrested persons to guarantee they will return for trial.
- common law 268
- -A system of law developed in England, based on customs and previous court decisions.
- equity 269
- -A system of justice not covered under common law.
- servitude 270
- -A state of belonging to an owner or master.
- insurrection 271
- -Open revolt against a government.
- reprieve 259
- -A delay or cancellation of punishment.
- bounty 271 m508
- -
- inoperative 274
- -No longer in force.
- inaugurate 293
- -To swear in or induct into office in a formal ceremony.
- cabinet 294
- -A group of department heads who serve as the president’s chief advisers.
- Federal Judiciary 294
- -It helped create a court system and gave the Supreme Court six members.
- tariff 296
- -A tax on imported goods.
- Battle of Fallen Timbers 299
- -In 1794, an American army defeated 2,000 Native Americans in a clash over control of the Northwest Territory.