Social Studies-1st Trimester Test
Terms
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- _______ are the descendants of the first people to reach the Americas thousands of years ago
- Native Americans
- thick sheets of ice
- glacier
- objects made by humans that are used by archeologists to learn about cultures
- artifact
- land bridge far north that joined Siberia to Alaska, today it is under the Bering Strait
- Beringia
- _______ is the entire way of life that a people has developed by the way they are living
- culture
- a long dry spell
- drought
- houses of snow and ice
- igloos
- small skin boats
- kayaks
- a region in which people share a similar way of life
- culture area
- specially chosen tribal leaders
- Sachem
- it included 5 nations: Mohawk, Seneca, Oneondaga, Oneida, & Cayuga
- League of the Iroquois
- writing that uses pictures to represent words & ideas invented by the Myan priest
- hieroglyohics
- The Mayan civilization boasted skills in _____, _____, ______
- mathematics, astronomy, & writing
- The Mayan Social Classes: 1. Priests
- they have the knowledge to perform ceremonies for good harvests and victory in battle, dressed decoratively
- The Mayan Social Classes: 2. Nobles
- government officials and warriors
- The Mayan Social Classes: 3. Peasant farmers
- large class
- The Mayan Social Classes: 4. Slaves
- prisoners of war
- Who were chosen to lead in war in the Aztec Society?
- the Emperor...1st Class
- Who performed rituals, gave advice, and ran schools in the Aztec Society?
- the Priests...2nd Class and has equal importance as Nobles
- Who served as officials, judges, and governors in the Aztec Society?
- the Nobles...3rd Class and has equal importance to Priests
- Who can become nobles by killing or capturing enemies and they can fight in wars in the Aztec Society?
- the Warriors...4th Class
- Who often acted as spies for the empire in the Aztec Society?
- the Merchants...5th Class and has equal importance to the Artisans
- Who passed skills on to their kids and are artists in the Aztec Society?
- Artisans...6th Class and has equal importance to the Merchants
- Who made up most of population in the Aztec Society?
- Farmers...7th Class
- Who are mostly captives or criminals in the Aztec Society?
- Slaves...8th Class
- What were the religious beliefs of the Incas?
- They worshipped the Sun god, chosen women of the sun-helped emperor, sweat of god
- a French word meaning rebirth. it lasted from the late 1300s to about 1600-a rebirth of learning
- renaissance
- a group of people who settle in a distant land and are ruled by the government of a native land
- colony
- spanish conquerers
- conquistadors
- a waterway through or around North America to Asia
- Northwest Passage
- Who was a German monk, broke from Catholic Church, and started protestant group
- Martin Luther
- French profited from _____, ________, and _________
- fishing, trapping, and trading
- Coureurs de bois means:
- runners of the wood
- Mississippi River a.k.a.:
- Father of the Waters
- Who explored the Mississippi River?
- Jacques Marquette
- Who raised money to set up a colony in North America?
- Sir Walter Raleigh
- Colonists landed on _______, and island off the coast of present-day North Carolina
- Roanoke
- Where was the Jamestown Colony settled?
- Between north of Roanoke and the Potomac River
- what is a legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
- charter
- who was a young explorer who helped to save the Jamestown Colony
- John Smith
- What happened in the Jamestown Colony when they began growing tobacco?
- their economy became more stable
- By 1620, England was importing more than how many pounds of tobacco?
- over 30,000 pounds
- ______ is an assembly of men along with the governor that made laws for the colony (a representative government)
- House of Burgess
- a great charter that was a document stating the king could not raise taxes without consulting the Great Council
- Magna Carta
- the Magna Carta established the idea that the __________________________________________________
- English monarchs had to obey the laws of the land
- Pilgrims called their new colony _______
- Plymouth
- ________, learned English from early explorer, introduced Pilgrims to Massasoit. Chief of local ___________
- Samoset, Wampoanog
- Who was a lawyer and devout Christian?
- John Winthrop
- John Wintrop's followers were part of a religious group known as _______
- Puritans
- Puritans persuaded royal officials to grant a charter to form the _________ in New England
- Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Who was chosen as the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- John Winthrop
- Under the charter only ____________ had a right to vote
- stockholders who invested in the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Who left Massachusetts because he wanted strict limits on government?
- Thomas Hooker
- Thomas Hooker and the 100 settlers with him settled in a town along the Connecticut River and called it _____
- Hartford
- Who was a young minister who believed the Puritans had too much power?
- Roger Williams
- What else did Roger Williams believe?
- he believed that church and state should be completely seperate
- Who was a devout Puritan who was banished from Massachusetts and fled to RI because she questioned the authority of Puritan ministers
- Anne Hutchinson
- Anne Hutchinson became an important symbol of the
- struggle of religious freedom
- At the center of each town or village was a ______, an open field where cattle grazed
- common
- Where could settlers discuss and vote on many issues
- town meetings
- Inuits are the _______________ aka ________
- people of the Arctic, aka Eskimos
- Where does the Great Basin lie in the US?
- in the intermountain region
- The location of the Plateau is between the ___________ and the ____________
- Rocky Mountains and the Cascade Mountains
- These tribes are part of what area: Iroquois, Cayuga, Mohawk, Seneca, Onodaga, and Oneida
- the Eastern Woodlands
- The tribes of the Eastern Woodlands formed a league where a council of 50 special chosen tribal leaders met once a year to _________
- make decisions for the league
- Dutch officials granted large parcel of land to who?
- rich families
- the owners of these states were called _________
- patroons
- Peter Stuyvesant, the governor of the colony surrendered to England in 1664, over _____________
- problems with trade
- The Duke of York gave some New York land to friends, which they set up as a ____________________, New Jersey
- proprietary colony
- Who were free to divide the land and rent it to others, make laws for the colony, but had to respect rights of colonists under English law
- Proprietors
- In 1702, New Jersey became a ________, colony being under control of the English crown
- royal colony
- 1701 settlers in the Lower Counties of PA were able to ________________
- elect their own assembly
- The settlers in the Lower Counties of PA later broke away and became the colony of ______
- Delaware
- What are crops that were sold for money called?
- cash crops
- The Middle Colonies exported so much grain that they became known as the __________________
- Breadbasket COlonies
- ___________________________ is an old Iroquois trail followed by settlers to the backcountry
- The Great Wagon Road