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nutrition week 3

Terms

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Health claims 
Claims linking for constituents with disease states, allowable on labels with the criteria established by the food and drug administration
Nutrient claim
Claims using approved wording to describe the nutrient values of food, such as the claim that a food is "high" in a desirable constituent or "low" in an undesirable one
Structure-fiction claim
A legal but largely unregulated claim permitted on labels of dietary supplements and conventional foods
Dietary supplements 
A product, other than tobacco, that is added to the diet and contains on of the following ingredients:  a vitamin, mineral, herb, amino acid... etc.
Phytochemicals
Non-nutrient compounds in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body
Balance study
A labroratory study in which a person is fed a controlled diet and the intake and excretion are measured.  Balance studies are valid only for nutrients like calcium that do not change while they are in the body
DRI
A set of four lists of nutrient intake values for healthy people in the United States and Canada; they are used for planning and assessing diets
DV
Nutrient standards used on food labels, in grocery stores and on some resaurant menus
RDA
Nutrient intake goals for the individual, the average daily intake lever that meets the needs of 98% of healthy people in a particular age or gender group
AI
Nutrient intake goals for the individual, the recommended average daily nutrient intake lever based on intake of healthy people that is assumed to be adequate
EAR
The dialy nutrient intake estimated to meet the requirement of half of the healthy individuals in a particular life stage or gender group; used in nutrition research and policy making and is the basis upon which RDA values are set
UL
The highest average daily nutrient that is likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all healthy individuals in a particular life stage or gender group, usual intake above this level may place an individual at a risk of illness from toxicity
Trans fat free
Less than 0.5g of saturated fat per serving
high fiber
5g or more per serving (and must fit the definition of low fat)
Reasons for the obesity epidemic
larger calorie intake and larger meal portions
Eating fatty fish
You get more omega-3 fats, reduces the risk of heart disease- unproven though
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Small head, large forehead, and strange eyes
Binge drinking 
4-5 drinks in a short time- academic problems, social problems, cirrhosis, inflammation of the pancreas, damage to heart and brain, motor vehicle accidents
Causes of fatty liver
An early stage of liver deterioration seen in several diseases including alcoholic liver disease, in which fat accumulates in the liver cells
Fibrosis
Intermediate stage of alcoholic liver deterioration, liver cells lose their function and assume the characteristics of connective tissue cells
Cirrhosis
Advanced liver disease, often associated with alcoholism, in which liver cells have died, hardened, turned an orange color, and permanently lost their color 

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