Terminology: Roots and Combinning Forms
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
-
Root 1:
acet/o -
vinegar, acid, sharp
Ex.: acetaldehyde -
Root 2:
aden/o -
gland
Ex.: adenoid, adenovirus -
Root 3:
adip/o -
fat
Ex.: adipose, adipoma -
Root 4:
alb/o, leuk/o -
white
Ex.: albino, leukemia -
Root 5:
alg/o -
pain
Ex.: analgesia, myalgia -
Root 6:
amni/o -
membrane around the fetus
Ex.: aminiotic fluid, amniocentesis -
Root 7:
andr/o -
male
Ex.: androgen -
Root 8:
angi/o -
vessel
Ex.: angiogram, angioplasty -
Root 9:
anthrac -
black
Ex.: anthrax, anthracosis -
Root 10:
aqu, aqua, aque -
water
Ex.: aqueous -
Root 11:
arter/o -
artery
(as opposed to vein)
Ex.: arterial, arteriosclerosis -
Root 12:
arthr/o -
joint
Ex.: arthritis, arthralgia -
Root 13:
asthm -
shortness of breath
Ex.: antiasthmatic -
Root 14:
aur/o, aud, audit/o -
hear
Ex.: aural, Auralgan, auditory, audiometry -
Root 15:
axill/o -
armpit
Ex.: axillary temperature -
Root 16:
blast -
sprout, immature cell
Ex.: erythroblastosis, osteoblast -
Root 17:
brachi -
arm
Ex.: brachial artery -
Root 18:
bronch/o -
bronchus
(pathway from windpipe)
Ex.: bronchoscope, bronchitis -
Root 19:
bucc/o -
inside of cheek
Ex.: buccal membrane -
Root 20:
calc/o -
calcium
Ex.: hypocalcemia -
Root 21:
carb/o -
carbon
Ex.: carbohydrate -
Root 22:
carcin/o -
cancer, crab
Ex.: carcinogen, carcinoma -
Root 23:
cardi/o -
heart
Ex.: cardiology, electrocardiogram -
Root 24:
cephal/o -
head, expansion
Ex.: hydrocephalic -
Root 25:
cerebr/o, encephal/o -
brain
Ex.: cerebrovascular accident, electroencephalogram, encephalitis -
Root 26:
cervic/o -
neck, cervix
Ex.: cervicofacial, cervical -
Root 27:
chir/o -
hand
Ex.: chiropractic -
Root 28:
chron/o -
time, long
Ex.: chronic, chronological -
Root 29:
cili -
eyelash, hair
Ex.: cilia, penicillin -
Root 30:
coagul/o -
clot
Ex.: anticoagulant -
Root 31:
corp/o -
body
Ex.: corpuscle, corpse -
Root 32:
cyan/o -
blue
Ex.: cyanosis, acrocyanosis -
Root 33:
cyst/o -
bladder, cyst
Ex.: cystologist -
Root 34:
cyt/o -
cell
Ex.: cytologist -
Root 35:
derm, dermat/o -
skin
Ex.: epidermis, dermabrasion, dermatitis -
Root 36:
edem, edema -
excess fluid in tissues
Ex.: angioedema, edematous -
Root 37:
esth, esthesi/o -
perception
Ex.: anesthesia, paresthesia -
Root 38:
gastr/o -
stomach
Ex.: gastritis -
Root 39:
gluc/o, glyco/o -
sugar
Ex.: glucose, hyperglycemia -
Root 40:
gynec/o -
female
Ex.: gynecologist -
Root 41:
hem/o -
blood
Ex.: hemostat, hemorrhage -
Root 42:
hepato/o -
liver
Ex.: hepatitis, hepatotoxic -
Root 43:
hyster/o, metr/o -
uterus
Ex.: hysterectomy, endometrium -
Root 44:
ichthy/o -
fishy, scaly
Ex.: ichthyosis -
Root 45:
immun/o -
safe, safe from
Ex.: immunologist, immune -
Root 46:
lymph/o -
lymph, water
Ex.: lymphoma, lymphatic system -
Root 47:
mast/o -
breast
Ex.: mastectomy, mastitis -
Root 48:
mening/o -
membrane sorroundig brain and spinal cord
Ex.: meningitis, meningocele -
Root 49:
mens -
moon, month
Ex.: menses, menstruation -
Root 50:
morb/o -
sick
Ex.: morbidity -
Root 51:
muscul/o -
muscle, mouse
Ex.: intramuscular, neuromuscular -
Root 52:
my/o -
muscle
Ex.: myocardial infarction, myalgia -
Root 53:
nas/o, rhin/o -
nose
Ex.: nasopharyngitis, nasal spray, rhinitis -
Root 54:
nat/i -
birth
Ex.: prenatal -
Root 55:
necr/o -
dead
Ex.: necrosis -
Root 56:
nephr/o -
kidney
Ex.: nephritis, nephrologist -
Root 57:
neur/o -
nerve
Ex.: neurotransmitter -
Root 58:
ocul/o, ophtalm/o, optic -
eye
Ex.: ocular, ophtalmic, optician -
Root 59:
onc/o -
tumor, mass
Ex.: oncology -
Root 60:
or/o, stom/o -
mouth
Ex.: oral, stomatitis -
Root 61:
ot/o -
ear
Ex.: otic, otoscope -
Root 62:
ped -
child
Ex.: pediatric -
Root 63:
path/o -
disease, misery
Ex.: pathology, nephropathy -
Root 64:
pod, ped -
foot
Ex.: podiatrist, pedometer -
Root 65:
pelvi -
pelvis
Ex.: pelvimetry -
Root 66:
phag/o -
eat
Ex.: bacteriophage, dysphagia -
Root 67:
pharmac/o -
drug, sorcery, poison
Ex.: pharmacy, pharmacokinetics -
Root 68:
phleb -
vein
Ex.: phlebitis, phlebotomy -
Root 69:
plasm, plas/o -
molded, formation
Ex.: neoplasm, aplastic anemia -
Root 70:
plegi -
stroke, paralysis
Ex.: paraplegick, ophthalmoplegic -
Root 71:
pleur/o -
lining surrounding lungs
Ex.: pleurisy, pleural effusion -
Root 72:
pneum/o, pneumat/o -
breath, air
Ex.: pneumonia, pneumatic -
Root 73:
prandial -
meal
Ex.: postprandial -
Root 74:
proct/o -
rectum
Ex.: proctologist, Procto-Foam -
Root 75:
pulm/o, pulmon/o -
lung
Ex.: pulmonary, Pulmicort -
Root 76:
pyr, pyr/o -
fever, fire
Ex.: pyrogen, antipyretic -
Root 77:
radi/o -
radiation, x-ray
Ex.: radiogram -
Root 78:
scler/o -
hard
Ex.: atherosclerosis, sclerosing agent -
Root 79:
soma -
body
Ex.: psychosomatic, somatropin -
Root 80:
spasm/o -
drawing tight
Ex.: antispasmodic -
Root 81:
staphyl/o -
cluster of grapes
Ex.: staphylococcus -
Root 82:
stom/o, stomy -
mouth, surgical opening
Ex.: stomatitis, colostomy -
Root 83:
strept/o -
wavy, twisted chain
Ex.: streptomycin, streptococcus -
Root 84:
ten/o, tend/o -
stretch
Ex.: tendonitis, tenosynovitis -
Root 85:
thorac/o -
chest
Ex.: pneumothorax, thoracic -
Root 86:
thromb/o -
blood clot
Ex.: thrombolysis, thrombosis -
Root 87:
troph, trop/o -
growing, nourish, develop
Ex.: atrophy, somatotropin -
Root 88:
tympan/o -
eardrum
Ex.: tympanocentesis -
Root 89:
ur/o -
urine
Ex.: urology -
Root 90:
uter/o -
uterus, womb
Ex.: intrauterine -
Root 91:
vas/o -
blood vessel
Ex. vasodilation -
Root 92:
vert -
turn
Ex.: vertigo, divert -
Root 93:
enter/o -
intestine
(usually small intestines)
Ex.: parenteral, enteric -
Root 94:
erythr/o -
red
Ex.: erythromycin, erythrocyte -
Root 95:
morph/o -
shape, dream
Ex.: morphology, morphine -
Root 96:
myc/o -
fungus
Ex.: onychomycosis -
Root 97:
myel/o -
bone marrow, spinal chord
Ex.: myelogram, myeloid leukemia -
Root 98:
psych/o -
spirit, mind
Ex.: antipsychotic, psychotropic -
Root 99:
thyr/o -
thyroid
Ex.: hypothyroidism, thyroiditis -
Root 100:
oste/o -
bone
Ex.: osteoporosis, osteopath