Bronchodilators in regards to respiratory therapy (copy)
Terms
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- Parasympatholytic drugs used for bronchodilation
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1) Atropine sulfate or atropine
2) ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
3) ipratroprium bromide & albuterol *a sympathomimetic (Combivent) - List the 3 drug classes for Sympathomimetic bronchodilation.
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1) Catecholamines
2) Resorcinols
3) Saligenins - Drugs included in the catecholamine class
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1) epinephrine (Adrenalin, Primatene Mist)
2) racemic epinephrine (Vaponefrin, Micronefrin, and AsthmaNefrin)
3) isoproternol (Isuprel, Isuprel Mistometer)
4) isoetharine (Bronkosol, Bronkometer)
5) bitolterol (Tornalate) *also a Pro-drug
6) formoterol - Drugs included in the resorcinol class
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1) metaproternol (Alupent, Metaprel)
2) terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl, Brethine, and Bambuterol *also a pro-drug) - Drugs included in the saligenin class
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1) albuterol (proventil, ventolin)
2) pirbuterol (Maxair)
3) salmeterol (Serevent)
4) levalbuterol (xopenex) - pirbuterol
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Trade name: Maxair (MDI)
Class: saligenin
ROO: 5-8 mins.
DOA: 5 hrs.
Avail as an MDI, PO 10-15 mg or syrup 7.5mg/5ml
Receptor: (ß2>ß1) - salmeterol
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Trade name: Serevent (DPI or MDI)
Class: Saligenin
ROO: 20 min.
DOA: 12 hours
Receptor: (ß2) - epinephrine
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Trade names: Adrenalin (Neb), Primatene Mist (MDI)
Class: Catecholamine
ROO: 3-5 min
DOA: 1-3 hrs.
Receptor: (a,ß) - Racemic Epinephrine
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Trade name: Vaponefrin (Neb), Micronefrin (Neb), AsthmaNefrin (Neb)
Class: Catecholamine
ROO: 3-5 min
DOA: 30 min-2 hr
Receptor: (a,ß) - isoproternol
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Trade name: Isuprel (Neb), Isuprel-Mistometer (MDI)
Class: Catecholamine
ROO: 2-5 min
DOA: 30min-2 hr
Receptor: (ß1,ß2) - isoetharine
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Trade name: Bronkosol (Neb), Bronkometer (?)
Class: Catecholamine
ROO: 1-6 min
DOA: 1-3 hr
Receptor: ß2>ß1 - bitolterol
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Trade name: Tornalate (MDI)
Class: Catecholamine Pro-drug
ROO: 3-4 min
DOA: 5-8 hr
Receptor: ß2>ß1 - metaproternol
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Trade name: Alupent (Neb), Metaprel (MDI)
Class: Resorcinol
ROO: 1-5 min
DOA: 6 hr
Receptor: ß2>ß1 - terbutaline
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Trade name: Brethine, Brethaire (MDI), Bricanyl, and Bambuterol (bambuterol is a pro-drug)
Class: Resorcinols
ROO: 5-30 min
DOA: 3-6 hr
Receptor: ß2>ß1 - albuterol
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Trade name: Proventil (MDI, DPI, Neb), Ventolin (MDI, DPI, Neb)
Class: Saligenin
ROO: 15 min
DOA 3-6 hr
Receptor: ß2>ß1 - levalbuterol
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Trade name: Xopenex (Neb)
Class: Saligenin
ROO: 15
DOA: 3-8 hr
Receptor: ß2>ß1 - formoterol
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Trade name: Foradil
Class: Catecholamine - What happens when caecholamines are exposed to heat and light?
- They become inactivated which will cause them to be antagonists or beta blockers. This could have serious consequences in an emergency.