Earth Science Vocab Ch 3-11 Grade 6
Terms
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- Luster
- the physical property of a mineral that describes how light is reflected from its surface
- Crystal
- a solid having a distinctive shape because its atoms are arranged in repeating patterns
- Gem
- a valuable mineral highly prized because it is rare and beautiful
- Cleavage
- the physical property of a mineral that causes it to break along smooth, flat surfaces
- Mineral
- a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a distinct internal structure and chemical compositions
- Hardness
- a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
- Titanium
- durable, lightweight metal obtained from minerals such as ilmenite or rutile
- Magma
- hot melted rock material beneath earth’s surface
- Fracture
- the physical property of a mineral that causes it to break with rough or jagged edges
- Silicate
- minerals containing silicon and oxygen, usually with other elements; the largest group of minerals
- Ore
- a mineral containing a useful substance, such as a metal, that can be mined for a profit
- Streak
- the color of a mineral when it is powered; usually observed by rubbing the mineral on a ceramic plate
- Rock
- earth material made of a mixture of one or more minerals, glass, mineraloids, or organic matter
- Foliated
- a type of metamorphic rock created when mineral grains flatten and line up in parallel bands
- Compaction
- a sedimentary rock-forming process that occurs when layers of small sedimentary become compressed by weight of layers above them
- Extrusive
- igneous rock that form when magma extrudes onto earths surface and cools as lava; have a fine-grained texture
- Congeneration
- process in which a power plant uses both the electrical and thermal energy produced by the plant
- Granite
- light-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in silicon and oxygen
- Waste coal
- large piles of poor-quality coal lying near abandoned coal mines
- Rock cycle
- the process by which, over many of years, earth materials form and change back and forth among igneous rock, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks
- Lava
- molten materials from a volcano flowing onto earth’s surface
- Metamorphic Rock
- Rock formed from sedimentary, igneous, or other metamorphic rock due to increase in heat or pressure
- Intrusive
- Igneous rocks formed when magma cools below earth’s surface; generally have large mineral grains
- Igneous rock
- Rock formed by the cooling and hardening of molten material from a volcano or from deep inside earth
- Sediment
- Loose materials such as rock fragment of rocks, mineral grains, and bits of plants and animals that have been transported by wind, water, or glaciers
- Nonfoliated
- A type of metamorphic rock created when mineral grains change, grow, and rearrange, but don’t form bands
- Cementation
- A sedimentary rock-forming process in which large sediments are glued together by minerals deposited between the sediments
- Basaltic
- Dark-colored, dense igneous rocks that form from magma rick in iron and magnesium
- Sedimentary rock
- Rock formed when fragments of rocks, minerals and/or organic matter are compated or cemented together or preciiate out of solution