Science Study Guide
Terms
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- elastic limit
- how far rocks can be stretched, or bent. when passed earthquakes occur
- surface waves
- (L-waves) slowest waves, make rocks move in a rolling motion, and a side to side swaying motion **causes the most damage**
- primary waves
- (P-waves) fastest waves, cause rocks to compress and then spread apart (stretching and letting go of a slinky) slow down when they go through liquid
- fault
- rocks move along these surfaces after they get stretched passed their elastic limit
- focus
- the point of energy release in an earthquake
- epicenter
- the poit on the earths surface directly above the focus
- secondary waves
- (S-waves) second waves,cause rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the wave travel **moves like waves on a beach** can't travel through liquid
- normal fault
- foot wall up, hanging wall down
- seismograph
- instrument used to record seismic waves from an earthquake they consist of a rotating drum of paper and a pendulum with an attached pen, when seismic waves reacj the seismograph the drum vibrates but the pendulum remains at rest, the pen traces a record of the vibrations on the peice of paper
- seismologist
- scientist that studies earthquakes
- strike slip fault
- rocks on either side of the fauld move past each other without much upward or downward motion
- seismic waves
- waves of motion created by an earthquake that travel through earth
- earthquake
- the vibrations produced by the breaking of rock
- reverse fault
- foot wall down, hanging wall up