Biology. RHS McCord
Terms
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- Define Solution
- mixture in which one or more substances (solutes) are disrupted evenly in another substance(solvent)
- Define Data
- Information obtained from existing experiments, sometimes called experimental results.
- Define Community
- collection of several interacting populations that inhabit a common enviroment
- Explain the difference between a stimulus and a responce.
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Stimulus- any condition in an enviroment that requires an organism to adjust.
Responce- An organism's reaction to a change in its internal/ external enviroment. - Define Parasitism
- symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other species
- Define Biology
- The study of life that seeks to provide an understanding of the natural world.
- Define Control
- in an experiment, the standard in which all of the conditions are kept the same
- Define Fungus
- group of unicellular or multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes that do not move from place to place; absorb nutrients from organic materials in the enviroment.
- Define Aphotic Zone
- portion of the marine biome that is too deep for sunlight to penetrate.
- Define Niche
- role and position a species has in its enviroment
- Define Covalent Bond
- chemical bond formed when two atoms combine by sharing electrons
- Define Ionic Bond
- chemical bond formed by attractive forces between two ions of opposite charge
- Define Commensalism
- Symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species in neither harmed nor benefited
- Define Photic Zone
- potion of the marine biome that is shallow enough for light to penetrate.
- Define Conservation Biology
- field of biology that studies methods and implements plans to protect biodiversity
- Define Estuary
- coastal body of water, partially surrounded by land, in which freshwater and salt water mix
- Define Biotic Factors
- all the living organisms that inhabit an enviroment
- Define Exotic Species
- nonnative species in an area; may take over niches of native species in an area and eventually replace them
- Define Carrying Capacity
- number of organisms of one species that an enviroment can support; populations below carrying capacity tend to increase; populations below decrease.
- Define Food Web
- model that expresses all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community
- Define Biosphere
- portion of earth that supports life; extends from atmosphere to bottom of oceans
- Define Mutualism
- a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit
- Define Atoms
- smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element; basic building block of all matter.
- Define Molecule
- group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; no overall charge
- Define Biogenesis
- idea that living organisms come only from other organisms.
- Define Independant Variable
- in an experiment, the condition that is changed b/c it affects the outcome of the experiment
- Define Compound
- substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.
- Define Population
- group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time
- Define Autotrophs
- organismsthat use energy from the sun or energy stored in chemical compounds to manufacture their own nutrients
- Define Symbiosis
- permanent, close association between two or more organisms of different species
- Give an example of commensalism
- the cowbird that puts its eggs in other birds nests and the other birds raise the baby cowbird.
- Define Limiting Factor
- any biotic or abiotic factor that restrics the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organsims
- Define Dependant Variable
- in an experiment, the condition that results from changes in the independant variable.
- Define Food Chain
- simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem; can consist of three steps, but must have no more than 5 steps
- Define Algae
- photosynthetis, plantlike, autotrophic protists.
- Define Habitat Defragmentation
- seperation of wilderness areas from eachother; may cause problems for organisms that need large areas for food or mating
- Define Acid Precipitation
- Rain, snow, sleet or fog with a pH below 7; causes deterioration of forests, lakes, statues, and buildings.
- Define Transpiration
- in plants, the loss of water through leaf stomata by evaporation
- Define Density- Dependent Factor
- factor such as disease, parasites or food supply that has an increasing effect as populations increase.
- Define Heterotrophs
- organisms that can't make their own food and must feed on other organisms for energy and nutrients.
- Define Ecology
- scientific study of interactions among organisms and their enviroments
- Define Secondary Succession
- sequence of community changes that take place after a community is disrupted by natural disasters or human actions
- Define Density- independant factor
- factor such as temp., storms, floods, drought, or habitat disruption that affects all populations, regardless of their density.
- Define Mixture
- combination of substances in which individual components do not combine chemically and retain their own properties.
- Define Ecosystem
- interactions among populations in a community; the community's physical surroundings, or abiotic factors
- Define Experiment
- procedure that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions
- Define Element
- substance that can't be broken down into simpler chemical substances
- Define Habitat
- place where an organism lives out its life.
- Define Primary succession
- Colonication of new land that is exposed by avalanches, volcanoes, or glaciers by pioneer organisms
- Define Nucleus
- positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positively charged protons, and surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons
- Define Lichen
- organism formed from a symbiotic association between a fungus, usually an ascomycete, and a photosynthetic green alga or cyanobacteria
- Define Ion
- atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons; has a positive or negative eletrical charge
- Define Isotopes
- atoms of the same element that have different numbers of nuetrons in the nucleus.
- Define Trophic Level
- organism in a food chain that represents a feeding step in the passage of energy and materials through an ecosystem