US Supreme Court Cases
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- Wesberry v. Sanders
- (1964) The Supreme Court declared here that each person's vote carries equal measure.
- Abington School District v. Schempp
- (1963) Prayer in classrooms was determined to be in violation of the First Amendment.
- In Re Gault
- (1967) Children were granted some of the rights in criminal cases protected by the Bill of Rights.
- Roe v. Wade
- (1973) In this highly controversial case the Supreme Court laid down what states can and cannot control in regards to abortions.
- McCulloch v. Maryland
- (1819) A conflict arose between a state government and the Federal government, with the state government being declared subordinate to the Federal government where laws conflict.
- Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
- (1966) Poll taxes were made illegal for state elections, as they violated the Equal Protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
- Miranda v. Arizona
- (1966) The rights of the accused were upheld by this ruling.
- Griswold v. Connecticut
- (1965) Marital privacy (specifically, the use of contraceptives) was protected by this case.
- Gideon v. Wainwright
- (1963) Free legal counsel was established in this case to be necessary in case the defendent in any criminal case cannot afford it.
- Gibbons v. Ogden
- (1824) In this case the Supreme Court gave a wide definition to Congress' power to "regulate commerce... among the several states."
- NAACP v. Alabama
- (1958) Freedom of association (the right to assemble in groups) was protected here.
- Mapp v. Ohio
- (1961) The exclusionary rule was applied to state and local criminal prosecutions.
- Schenck v. United States
- (1919) "Clear and Present Danger" was established in this case as an acceptable reason for the limiting of free expression.
- Powell v. Alabama
- (1932) The Supreme Court ruled here that the right to counsel was required by law in death penalty trials.
- Regents of the University of California at Davis v. Bakke
- (1978) Affirmative action was dealt a blow by this case.
- Marbury v. Madison
- (1803) The Supreme Court's keystone power of Judicial Review was established by this case
- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
- (1954) A tremendous step in the direction of equal rights for all citizens. Court reversed the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision saying that separate but equal is inherently unequal.
- Dred Scott v. Sanford
- (1857) Slaves were classified as property. This case fueled the flames that began the Civil War.
- United States v. Nixon
- (1974) The President's "Executive Priviledge" was limited by this case.
- Gitlow v. New York
- (1925) The Supreme court began in this case to identify the rights that were protected by the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- (1896) This famous case laid the groundwork for the "separate but equal doctrine" that limited the rights of minorities for decades.