Science Waves and Electric Energy
Terms
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- Disturbances that transfer energy through space
- Wave
- The matter through which a wave travels
- Medium
- A wave that requires a medium through which to travel :: Disturbances in matter that carry energy
- Mechanical Wave
- – a wave cause by a disturbance in electric and magnetic fields and that does not require a medium; also called a light wave
- Electromagnetic Wave
- Wave that causes the particles of the medium to vibrate perpendicular to the direction the wave travels
- Transverse wave
- a wave that causes the particles of the medium to vibrate parallel to the direction the wave travels
- Longitudinal wave
- The highest point of a transverse wave
- Crest
- The lowest point of a transverse wave
- trough
- The greatest distance that particles in a medium move from their normal position when a wave passes
- amplitude
- The distance between two crests or two troughs
- wavelength
- the time required for one full wavelength to pass a certain point
- Period
- the number of vibrations per second
- Frequency
- the speed at which a wave passes through a medium
- Wave speed
- an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving
- Doppler Effect
- the bouncing back of a wave as it meets a surface or boundary
- Reflection
- The bending of a wave as it oasses an edge or an opening
- Diffraction
- the combination of two or more waves that exist in the same place at the same time
- Interference
- any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the original waves
- Constructive Interference
- any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is smaller than the largest of the original waves
- Destructive Interference
- the wave form caused by interference that appears not to move along the medium and that shows some regions fo no vibration and other regions of maximum vibration
- Standing Wave
- an electrical property of matter that creats a force between objects
- Electric charge
- a materical that transfers charge easily
- conductor
- a material that does not transfer charge easily
- insulator
- the force of attraction or repulsion between charged objects
- electric force
- the region around a charged object where it has an effect on other charged objects
- electric field
- the potential energy of a chraged object due to its postion in an electric field
- Electrical potential energy
- The difference in electrical potential energy between two places in an electric field
- potential difference
- a devise that is a source of electric current because of a potential difference, or voltage, between the terminals
- cell
- the rate that electric charges move through a conductor
- current
- opposition to the flow of charges in a material
- resistance
- an electrical device connected so that i provides one or more complete paths for the movement of charges
- Electric Circuit
- a graphic representation of an electric circuit or apparatus, with standard symbols for the electrical devices
- Schematic Diagram
- Describes a circuit or portion of a circuit that provides a single conducting path
- Series
- describes components in a circuit that are connected across common points, providing two or more separate conducting paths
- Parallel
- the energy associated with the electrical charges, whether moving or at rest
- Electrical energy
- an electrical device containing a metal strip that melts when current in the circuit becomes too great
- Fuse
- a device that protects a circuit from current overloads
- Circuit Breaker
- an area of a magnet where the magnetic force appears to be the strongest
- Magnetic pole
- a region where a magnetic force can be detected
- magnetic field
- a coil of current carrying wire that produces a magnetic field
- solenoid
- a strong magnet created when an iron core is inserted into the center of a current-carrying solenoid
- electromagnet
- the productions of a current in a conducting circuit by a change in the strength, position, or orientation of an external magnetic field
- Electromagnetic Induction