phil ethics p
Terms
- 'real' error of previous moral theories - example of divine command
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reason be kind is god commands
does not make justice good in itself since rat of our being moral depends on exist god, knowledge divine commands and so on, and reasons to obey (fear, hope, etc.).
- 'real' error of previous moral theories -more
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failed appreciate people as rat self govern, but as ruled by something else - desire for happ, other-regard sent, divine comm, yearn perf.
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Classical utilitarianism - the formulations
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S-obj r insofar incre u, wrong as far dimin
M GHP-r in proportion as they tend to prom h, wrong as tend promote reverse h
B POU-approves and dis every action whatsoever, acc to tendency which appears aug or dim h of party interest in questi
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Contractualism essay - intro to Kantian contractualism
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basic value or ideal of morality
all have reason so all moved find principles if rational
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Contractualism essay - main problems with Gauthier for intro
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inadequate account of rationality
following moral rules when not in our interest
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Contractualism essay and Scanlon
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be sure to talk about only a particular type of morality
- contractualism essay intro
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be sure to mention that it regards moral principles as not god's law or given by an independent moral order but rather the result of an apprpriate agreement.
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judgment sensitive attitudes
- the set of things for which reasons can be asked for and offered are jsa, which are attitudes ideally rat person come to have if jud suff reason, and not have if jud not suff reason
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Kant essay - point about Formula of Humanity
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maxim descr
tragic dilemm (exceptions)
common moral percepts
- Kant on GW2 - Formula of Autonomy point
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CI not author bc imposed external autho or result sentim and incl
rather think all rat p as aut (rat self legislat)
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Mackie - argument from queerness
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objective values intrin action guiding
knowable in utterly different way
need account how relate natural prop
Forms and Moore examples
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Problems with Gauthier
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incoroprates moral considerations-mutually unconcerned, minim max
why act morally
excludes disabled
rationality
grounds
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reasons - another implication of view about jsa
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need not appeal additional element of desire to explain relatinoship between reasons and motivation
- reasons - operative reasons
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reasons a person takes to be normative reasons, and his doing so figures in explanation for why did something
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Reasons essay - reasons for actions indirectly
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Taking action presup intend X, having it requir take ourselves have r to X
inten what makes events actions, so intention determine kinds r's app for action
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reasons, desires motivation - judgment sensitive attitudes examples
- beliefs, intentions hopes - each of which includes certain dispositions to think and act in certain ways. A person who intends to x will look for ways to get x, for example.
- Response to error of previous moral theories
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what reason follow mp
egoism-r have m is get what want, same maybe for perf
Hu-some hi (justice)-meaning with content, may no r be m-careful r
Aq-mc c of r, may be t of no god, r m within moral
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The 'real' error of previous moral theories
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misint m in ways imply only r to be moral are based on hi-rat follow moral req only bc something else we happen to will-r to be mor only by appealing to concern for things not good in themselves and prin not rat nec
agen cap acting only sake thin